untranslatability in translation

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untranslatability in translation untranslatability in translation d.sc. g.odilova plan: the notion of untranslatability; causes of untranslatability; recommendations to handle with untranslatable words for translators, one of the biggest challenges is translating words with no direct translation into another language. these situations are often referred to as a translation of an “untranslatable” word or phrase. in order to understand what it means to refers to certain aspects of language as ‘untranslatable’, two key important concepts have to be taken into consideration, namely; equivalence and culture. the most common reasons for words being deemed untranslatable are cultural differences and nuances in language that cannot be conveyed with one single word. for example, the german word “schadenfreude” roughly translates to “enjoyment from others’ misfortune” but does not have a direct translation in english. similarly, the spanish phrase “esperpento” has no exact translation but is used to describe something that looks strange or distorted. …

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$in the lexicon of the language that could be filled. lexical gaps are also known as lexical lacunae. we always encounter the lexical gaps when we try to translate one language into another or develop a bilingual or multilingual dictionary or lexical data bases like word “net” or thesaurus or ontology for the vocabulary of a language. lexical gaps are products of the lag of vocabulary behind conceptual development within one and the same language. untranslatable words are the ones that have no ready one-to-one equivalent in the tl; they are likely to be qualities or actions - descriptive verbs, or mental words -words relating to the mind, that have no cognates in the tl, e.g., words like ‘fuzzy’, ‘murky’, ‘dizzy’, ‘snug\ ‘snub’; many such english words arise from dutch or from dialect catford distinguishes two types of untranslatability, which he terms linguistic and cultural. on the linguistic level, untranslatability …$

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ences and idioms: for cultures with rich histories and traditions, certain concepts can only be adequately expressed through culturally specific metaphors and imagery. this is especially true for idiomatic expressions whose literal translations may completely lose their intended meanings when translated into different languages. translation technology: as translation technologies become more advanced, they provide increasingly sophisticated tools for tackling untranslatable words and phrases. for example, machine translation algorithms can now detect when a text contains terms that don’t have direct equivalents in another language and can suggest alternative options accordingly. the translation procedures that are available in cases of lacunae, or lexical gaps, include the following: adaptation, borrowing, calque, compensation, paraphrase, translator’s note, register, etc. 1. adaptation. an adaptation, also known as a free translation, is a procedure whereby the translator replaces a term with cultural connotations, where those connotations are restricted to readers of the original language text, with …

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iciently anglicized are generally in italics. 3. calque. calque entails taking an expression, breaking it down to individual elements and translating each element into the target language word for word. for example, the german word “alleinvertretungsanspruch” can be calqued to “single-representation-claim,” but a proper translation would result in an “exclusive mandate.” word-by-word translations usually have comic value, but can be a means to save as much of the original style as possible, especially when the source text is ambiguous or undecipherable to the translator. 4. compensation. compensation is a translation procedure whereby the translator solves the problem of aspects of the source text that cannot take the same form in the target language by replacing these aspects with other elements or forms in the source text because “equivalence in translation is almost always only partial.” for example, many languages have two forms of the second person pronoun: an informal/singular form …

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thing that’s gone and/or not available at the time.” 6. translator’s note. a translator’s note is a note (usually a footnote or an endnote) added by the translator to the target text to provide additional information about the limits of the translation, the cultural background, or any other explanations. 7. register. although thai has words that can be used as equivalent to english “i”, “you”, or “he/she/it”, they are relatively formal terms (or markedly informal). in most cases, thai people use words which express the relation between speaker and listener according to their respective roles. for instance, for a mother to say to her child, “i’ll tell you a story,” she would say mae ja lao nitaan hai luuk fang, or “mother will tell child a story.” similarly, older and younger friends will often use sibling terminology, so that an older friend telling a younger friend “you’re my friend” would …

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untranslatability in translation untranslatability in translation d.sc. g.odilova plan: the notion of untranslatability; causes of untranslatability; recommendations to handle with untranslatable words for translators, one of the biggest challenges is translating words with no direct translation into another language. these situations are often referred to as a translation of an “untranslatable” word or phrase. in order to understand what it means to refers to certain aspects of language as ‘untranslatable’, two key important concepts have to be taken into consideration, namely; equivalence and culture. the most common reasons for words being deemed untranslatable are cultural differences and nuances in language that cannot be conveyed with one single word. for example, the german word “sc...

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