methodical manual on diseases of esophagus and pleura

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so vremeni pervix universitetov, otkrivshixsya v evrope v xii veke, universitetskoe prepodavanie, v tom chisle i na meditsinskom ministry of public healthcare of republic of uzbekistan tashkent medical academy «confirming» vice-rector of academic affairs professor baymuradov sh.a. _______________________ «____» ___________2023 year department of faculty and hospital surgery №1 subject: hospital surgery for 5th grade teaching technology of practical class on topic «diseases of esophagus and pleura» tashkent 2023 compiled by: head of the department prof. khakimov m.sh. professor berkinov u.b. senior lecturer khalikov s.p. the methodical manual is intended for students of the medical faculty of the tashkent medical academy. the training technology was approved at the meeting of the department of surgical diseases no. 1 of the tma. minutes no. 1 dated "___" august 2023 topic: diseases of the esophagus and pleura model of teaching technology in a training session. time - according to the work program number of …

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- to consolidate and deepen students’ knowledge about the features of the clinic and the course of the disease. - discuss the clinical characteristics and possible options for the course of the pathology under discussion. - explain the principles of differential diagnosis with other diseases. - to develop students' skills of timely early detection and referral of patients to specialized institutions for treatment before the development of severe complications. - familiarize students with the principles of new methods of treatment and preventive measures. results of educational activities: the student must know: - methods of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases; - interpretation of the results of instrumental diagnostic studies to substantiate the diagnosis and select rational treatment; - features of preoperative preparation of this category of patients; - to determine the volume of surgical interventions and conservative treatment, to know their features; - prevent complications during and after operations; - …

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in the subject under discussion by explaining the need for timely adequate treatment before the development of formidable complications , and with their development - acquaintance with the most informative and modern methods of diagnosis, treatment, prevention and rehabilitation. development of clinical thinking of students. development of a modern view on the problem of the issue from the perspective of world medicine and a general practitioner. 3. intersubject and intrasubject communications teaching this topic is based on students' knowledge of the basics of anatomy, normal and pathological physiology. the knowledge gained during the lesson will be used when passing other clinical disciplines. 4. contents of the lesson diseases of the esophagus anatomical and physiological features. the esophagus is a muscular tube that begins as a continuation of the pharynx and ends with the cardia. it is located in the midline, but deviates to the left in the lower part of …

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nd. the length of the thoracic esophagus is approximately 20 cm. in the upper part of the chest, the esophagus is in close contact with the posterior wall of the trachea and the prevertebral fascia. downstream from the bifurcation of the trachea, the vagus nerves and the esophageal nerve bundle pass, located in close contact with the vertebral bodies. in the cavity of the chest, the thoracic lymphatic duct is located behind the esophagus, between the unpaired vein on the right and the descending part of the thoracic aorta on the left. the abdominal esophagus is approximately 2 cm long. this portion of the esophagus is subject to positive pressure from the abdominal environment. the musculature of the esophagus consists of an outer longitudinal and an inner circular layer. the upper esophagus (2-6 cm) contains only striated muscle fibers. below this level, the esophagus gradually becomes richer in smooth muscle …

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oronal veins. the venous plexuses of the submucosal layer of the esophagus and stomach are inextricably linked with each other, and with portal venous obstruction, this communication functions as a collateral for blood entering the superior vena cava through the azygos vein. parasympathetic innervation of the pharynx and esophagus is carried out mainly through the vagus nerves. the cricopharyngeal sphincter and the cervical esophagus receive branches from both recurrent laryngeal nerves. damage to these nerves impairs not only the function of the vocal cords, but also the function of the cricopharyngeal sphincter, predisposing to pulmonary aspiration. afferent visceral sensory pain fibers of the esophagus, located in the complex of sympathetic and vagal pathways, are also anatomically combined with afferent visceral sensory fibers emerging from the heart. therefore, both organs have similar symptomatology. the lymphatic system, located in the submucosal layer of the esophagus, is quite compact and consists of one …

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so vremeni pervix universitetov, otkrivshixsya v evrope v xii veke, universitetskoe prepodavanie, v tom chisle i na meditsinskom ministry of public healthcare of republic of uzbekistan tashkent medical academy «confirming» vice-rector of academic affairs professor baymuradov sh.a. _______________________ «____» ___________2023 year department of faculty and hospital surgery №1 subject: hospital surgery for 5th grade teaching technology of practical class on topic «diseases of esophagus and pleura» tashkent 2023 compiled by: head of the department prof. khakimov m.sh. professor berkinov u.b. senior lecturer khalikov s.p. the methodical manual is intended for students of the medical faculty of the tashkent medical academy. the training technology was approved at the meeting of the department...

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