techniques of translation

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lecture 8: techniques of translation lecture 8: techniques of translation plan adaptation expansion reduction addition omission choice of a technique depends on… the nature of the content the preservation of the original meaning literal translation when: the two languages have formal and semantic similarities; alternate name: word for word translation; translation of concrete, abstract nouns: cat; window; love; death; an exact equivalence between different words. semantic loan (borrowing) incorporating a word or phrase from the source text into the target text; national-cultural concepts are usually loaned as their direct equivalents are not found in the target text; contextualization and clarification of the meaning of the word; adding local nuances to the translation. the calque technique (loan translation) a literal translation of all the components within a phrase or syntagm to prevent xenisms (foreignisms) or semantic borrowings; a form of borrowing that retains the structure of the source language's syntagm while …

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cultural substitution or cultural equivalence; for instance, consider the cultural practice of tea: while the english may say they're "staying for tea," in france, it's more common to say they're "going to have a coffee" instead. another example would be the american phrase "tailgate party," which refers to a social gathering in the parking lot of a sports event, typically involving food, drinks, and camaraderie. in a different cultural context, such as in parts of europe where this tradition is less common, a translator might adapt it to something like a "pre-game picnic" or "pre-match gathering", therefore ensuring that the translation aligns with the cultural context of the target audience. expansion and reduction the phenomenon where the translated text becomes longer or occupies more space than the original source text; reasons of its occurrence: linguistic structure, vocabulary, and grammar differences text reduction is the opposite of expansion and occurs when …

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me of the cultural clashes that exist between the sl and the tl. the translator omits words that do not have equivalents in the tt, or that may be ambiguous or pose interpretation problems to the receptor. addition is the act of adding new words or other material to the tt that is thought to be relevant or deemed required, which is referred to as addition. addition is described as adding to the target text information that is not conveyed in the source text due to variations in the grammatical structures of the st and tt. furthermore, the additional material a translator may have to provide for his translation is generally cultural, accounting for distinctions among languages. questions for discussion 1. can you clarify about some techniques of translation 2. what is adaptation? and its factors? 3. what are expansion and reduction? 4. what are addition and omission in translation? …

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lecture 8: techniques of translation lecture 8: techniques of translation plan adaptation expansion reduction addition omission choice of a technique depends on… the nature of the content the preservation of the original meaning literal translation when: the two languages have formal and semantic similarities; alternate name: word for word translation; translation of concrete, abstract nouns: cat; window; love; death; an exact equivalence between different words. semantic loan (borrowing) incorporating a word or phrase from the source text into the target text; national-cultural concepts are usually loaned as their direct equivalents are not found in the target text; contextualization and clarification of the meaning of the word; adding local nuances to the translation. the calque techniqu...

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