hojatlar to'plami (reported speech)

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reported speech * ‘i’m tired!’, helen said. ``men charchadim``,dedi helen biror odamning gapini o`zgartirmasdan birovga yetkazish ko`chirma gap deyiladi, (direct speech) * birovning gapini to`ldiruvchi ergash gap yordamida faqat mazmunini yetkazish o`zlashtirma gap deyiladi.(inderect speech) helen said (that) she was tired. helen charchaganini aytdi. ko`chirma gapdagi `` i am tired``mustaqil gap. o`zlashtirma gapdagi that he was tired to`ldiruvchi ergash gap bo`lib u alohida ishlatilmaydi. helen said bosh gap. ko`chirma o`zlashtirma gaplarda asosiy fel odatda o`tgan zamonda bo`ladi. ( tom said that... / i told her that...) agar gapdagi asosiy fe`l o`tgan zamonda bo`lsa qolgan fe`llar ham o`tgan zamonlarning birida bo`ladi. ko‘chirma gaplarni o‘zlashtirma gaplarga aylantirishda quyidagi o‘zgartirishlar qilinadi: 1. bosh gap bilan ko‘chirma gap o‘rtasidagi vergul va qo‘shtirnoqlar tushirib qoldiriladi. o‘zlashtirma gap oldida that bog‘lovchisi qo‘yiladi,ammo bu bog‘lovchi ko‘pincha tushib qoladi. darak gaplarni o`zlashtirma gapga aylantirganda quyidagi o`zgarishlar bo`ladi: present simple i'm a teacher. past simple he said (that) he …

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says he was going to study architecture) gap past perfect va past perfect continuousda bo`lsa zamon o`zlashtirma gapda o`zgarmaydi i had seen the picture before. he said that he had seen the picture before note: modal verbs (modal fellar)- could, would, might and should o`zgarmaydi ko`chirma o`zlashtirma gapdagi o`zgarishlar now then /at that time /immediately at that moment today / tonight that day /that night here there this / these that / those tomorrow the following day /the next day the day after next week the following week /the next week the week after yesterday the previous day /the day before last week the previous week /the week before (a year) ago (a year) before /earlier the day before yesterday two days before /earlier the day after tomorrow in two days’ time come go direct speech indirect/reported speech i you we me you us he, she i, she, he, we, …

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reported speech * ‘i’m tired!’, helen said. ``men charchadim``,dedi helen biror odamning gapini o`zgartirmasdan birovga yetkazish ko`chirma gap deyiladi, (direct speech) * birovning gapini to`ldiruvchi ergash gap yordamida faqat mazmunini yetkazish o`zlashtirma gap deyiladi.(inderect speech) helen said (that) she was tired. helen charchaganini aytdi. ko`chirma gapdagi `` i am tired``mustaqil gap. o`zlashtirma gapdagi that he was tired to`ldiruvchi ergash gap bo`lib u alohida ishlatilmaydi. helen said bosh gap. ko`chirma o`zlashtirma gaplarda asosiy fel odatda o`tgan zamonda bo`ladi. ( tom said that... / i told her that...) agar gapdagi asosiy fe`l o`tgan zamonda bo`lsa qolgan fe`llar ham o`tgan zamonlarning birida bo`ladi. ko‘chirma gaplarni o‘zlashtirma gaplarga aylantirishda quyidagi o‘z...

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