the speech organs

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prezentatsiya powerpoint the speech organs articulatory phonetics focuses on the organs of speech and their role in producing speech sounds, which is based on data provided by other sciences, such as human anatomy and physiology. speech is the result of neuromotor activity, thus the sound originates in the brain. after the creation of the message in the mind, a number of commands are executed by the organs of speech to physically produce the sound. the physical production initiates in the lungs and undergoes important modifications in the respiratory tract before it is realised. the different stages involved in this process are referred to as a speech chain. clark and yallop (1992) view this process as a kind of speech mechanism involving the active or passive functioning of the organs of speech. the stages in physical speech mechanism are as follows: initiation or respiration (the lungs provide the energy source); phonation …

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d production and their most important function is to act as the place of an articulatory stricture) the upper teeth the alveolar ridge the hard palate the pharynx the larynx the vocal tract consonants are often classified according voicing, place and manner: voicing means that the vocal folds are used; if they are not, the sound is voiceless (note that vowels always imply the use of vocal folds); place of articulation is the place where the air flow will be more or less obstructed; manner is concerned with the nature of the obstruction. voicing in a normal position, the vocal folds are apart and we say that the glottis is open. when the edges of the vocal folds touch each other, air passing through the glottis will usually cause vibration. this opening and closing is repeated regularly and gives what is called voicing. [b] [p] [m] bilabial sounds are produced …

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it may meet a complete closure (plosives), an almost complete closure (fricatives), or a smaller degree of closure (approximants), or the air might escape in more exceptional ways, around the sides of the tongue (laterals), or through the nasal cavity (nasals). when the obstruction totally blocks the airflow, it is called a complete or occlusive obstruction. the obstruents and sonorants with this type of obstruction are classified under one of two terms: plosive obstruents: /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /ɡ/; nasal sonorants: /m/, /n/, /ŋ/. in the production of the plosive obstruents, the air is obstructed and then released with a small burst of noise (plosion). they are also defined as stops because they cannot be prolonged. when the closure is not quite complete, it is called constrictive. the air either escapes through a narrow passage and makes a hissing sound for obstruents, or it penetrates through the sides of …

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prezentatsiya powerpoint the speech organs articulatory phonetics focuses on the organs of speech and their role in producing speech sounds, which is based on data provided by other sciences, such as human anatomy and physiology. speech is the result of neuromotor activity, thus the sound originates in the brain. after the creation of the message in the mind, a number of commands are executed by the organs of speech to physically produce the sound. the physical production initiates in the lungs and undergoes important modifications in the respiratory tract before it is realised. the different stages involved in this process are referred to as a speech chain. clark and yallop (1992) view this process as a kind of speech mechanism …

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