historical background of typological investigations

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lecture 2. historical background of typological investigations problems for discussion: 1.the stages of comparative historical typology; 2. the history of linguistic comparison as an integral part of linguistic science key words: history of linguistic, integral part, definition of the sentence, grammatical structures, compiling, viewpoint the questions of timing the history of linguistic comparison are quite complicated and are the ones, which have not found their final solution yet. the history of linguistic comparison is an integral part of linguistic science development, which is bound with the history of thenation and cognition. that is why there are no generally accepted criteria for timing this problem yet. we will see dr. buranov‘s viewpoint. in his book ―сравнительная типология английского и тюркских языков‖ he identifies 4 periods in the history of typological studies: the first period is characterized as a spontaneous or evolutionary. it begins with the emergence of the first linguistic works. …

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d as a period of establishing the first scientific comparison of languages and this period is related to the general and rational grammar: port-royal grammar by arnauld a., lancelot c, (xvii c.) in indo-european languages. port-royal grammar can be considered one of the most precious contributions to thedevelopment of comparative typology. it was developed by 2 french monks in the small abbey port-royal in the suburbs of paris (published in 1660). it is the synthesis of linguistic and philosophic ideas of that time. the languages (french, latin, greek and ancient jewish/ ides) with thedifferent genealogic origin and typological structure were compared based on the criteria and principles elaborated by arnauld a. and claude lancelot. comparative study of turkic language has its own history. divan-lugat at-turk by mahmud kashgariy is considered the most solid work on thelinguistic comparison of turkic languages. mahmud kashgariy analyzed phonetic, grammatical and lexical units of a …

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rate science with the bulk of general linguistics. it coincides with the xx century. the science of linguistic comparison was developing quite slowly and a number of factors played an important role to foster that process.they were also suggested by dr. buranov. the first factor istypological imitation, means using identified style or form of languages to explain another language. for example, the first latin grammar "de lingua latina" (117-27 вс) by varron was written with the use of the ancient greek language grammars compiled by greek philosophers. his great contributions were changing 5 cases in greek into 6 and 8 parts of speech into 7 in english. later, the grammar of european languages was shaped based on latin and greek languages. besides, nowadays not only grammar but poetic speech and other language units are still based on greek grammar. also, while studying certain categories of one language scholars very often …

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an three hundred years ago‖. comparative typology that dealt with comparing of language units and languages that did not share common root language played an important role in the emerging and developing of this subject. comparison of structural languages that were not substantial also was crucial in the development of comparativetypology. the third factor is the least common factor, which deals with studying unknown lang uag es and languages that do not have awriting system. recently, an enormous bulk of researches has been done on languages in latin america, asia, africa, australia, oceania and eurasia that do not have awriting system. studying these languages have influenced by comparing them to indo-european languages and these investigations have influenced on typology greatly. previous researches focused on genetic relation but new researches are focusing on morphological similarities, classification, and other points. the fourth factor is theinfluence of the translation and translation science. translation …

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e taught and studied. since uzbekistan is considered as a multilingual country, a lot of attention is being focused on thedevelopment of typology because without knowing foreign languages it is impossible to establish political, economic and cultural ties with countries where foreign languages are spoken. russian is considered to be la lingua franca in central asia. in uzbekistan, bilingualism is based on knowing uzbek and russian languages. besides, it is compulsory that at schools one of the foreign languages should be taught which has derived from the need to establish ties with all the countries of the world. researches done in uzbekistan on typology include comparative phonetics, comparative grammar, and comparative lexicology and so on. for thirty years, there have been numerous numbers of researches, books, monographs, dissertations, and articles have been published. to sum up, all counted causes can be concluded in this way: thus, which term we use, …

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lecture 2. historical background of typological investigations problems for discussion: 1.the stages of comparative historical typology; 2. the history of linguistic comparison as an integral part of linguistic science key words: history of linguistic, integral part, definition of the sentence, grammatical structures, compiling, viewpoint the questions of timing the history of linguistic comparison are quite complicated and are the ones, which have not found their final solution yet. the history of linguistic comparison is an integral part of linguistic science development, which is bound with the history of thenation and cognition. that is why there are no generally accepted criteria for timing this problem yet. we will see dr. buranov‘s viewpoint. in his book ―сравнительная типология анг...

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