typological category of person

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1451619645_62794.doc typological category of person the category of person should be dealt with in close connection with the category of number (plurality). because in the languages of indo-european family these categories are expressed by one and the same morpheme simultaneously, i.e. a morpheme denoting number at the same time expresses person as well. for instance, in latin the morpheme -nt in such forms as amant, habent, legunt, amabant, habebunt, etc. expresses simultaneously the third person and the plural number. in the comparing languages the category of person is a characteristic feature of pronouns and verbs. they (languages) make distinction between the three classes of personal pronouns denoting respectively the person(s) speaking (the first person), the person(s) spoken to (the second person) and the person(s) (or things) spoken about ( the third person). person singular plural 1-person the speaker the speaker and some other people 2-person a person spoken to more …

n the subjunctive mood the form ‘live’ denotes any person of both numbers. the ending ‘-s’ having four meanings to express simultaneously is of course a synthetic feature, standing rather by itself in the general structure of modern english. there a special subclass of the english verbs which do not fit into the system of person and number described above and they must be treated separately both in a practical study of the language and in theoretical analysis. they are called ‘modal verbs ‘can, may, must’, etc. being ‘defective verbs’ they do not admit any suffix to their stem and do not denote any person or number and usually accompany the notional verbs in speech giving them additional meanings of notions as ‘ability, permission, necessity or obligation’ etc. the verb ‘be’ has a system of its own both in the present indicative and in the past: i am- was he …

смеркается, темнеет, похолодало). the functions of the modal verbs are performed in uzbek by means of the adjectives such as зарур, керак, даркор, лозим, etc. as to the problem of impersonal verbs in uzbek we use the so called unipersonal verbs which are combined only with one and the same nouns denoting the names of natural phenomena, such as қор, ёмғир, дўл, чақмоқ, etc. e.g.: ёмғир ёғади, чақмоқ чақди. dealing with the category of person attention must be drawn to the use of the pronominal forms in transposition. the affective value of such ‘metaphors’ may be traced in many modern languages. the first to be mentioned in english is the use of the personal pronouns ’we, you, they’ in patterns where they are synonymous with the formal generic ‘one’ which denotes anyone who occurs in a definite situation. semantically it corresponds to the uzbek generic words as ‘одам, киши, инсон. …

f tense and aspect tense is the form of the verb which indicates time of the action from the point of view of the moment of speech. in english we distinguish three tenses ; past, present and past. past tense denotes an action which has taken place at a definite time before the moment of speech. present tense denotes a regular or recurrent action happening around the moment of speech. future tense denotes an action which will or going to happen after the moment of speech. the english verbs also distinguish the category of aspect. aspect is a particular form of the verb which shows whether the action that is described is a continuing action or an action that happens always, repeatedly or for a moment. in other words it is a form of the verb which serves to express the manner in which the action is performed, i.e. it …

at the age of 6. ‘they call me nancy’ , said the girl. i know him well. (stative action) the verbs in the present simple may often be accompanied by adverbs of frequency such as often, sometimes, usually, seldom, never, etc. indicating habitual action. the main indicator of the english verb forms in the present simple is the opposeme ‘live | live-s’. (see the preceding chapter.) as has been mentioned above past simple denotes an action which happened at a definite time before the moment of speech. definite time of the action may be clarified by means of such time expressions as ‘yesterday, last week, two years ago, when i was a child, etc. the main indicator of the verb form in the past simple of the english verbs is the formant ‘-ed’ (for the regular verbs) and the change of the root vowels (or consonants) for the irregular verbs. …

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1451619645_62794.doc typological category of person the category of person should be dealt with in close connection with the category of number (plurality). because in the languages of indo-european family these categories are expressed by one and the same morpheme simultaneously, i.e. a morpheme denoting number at the same time expresses person as well. for instance, in latin the morpheme -nt in such forms as amant, habent, legunt, amabant, habebunt, etc. expresses simultaneously the third person and the plural number. in the comparing languages the category of person is a characteristic feature of pronouns and verbs. they (languages) make distinction between the three classes of personal pronouns denoting respectively the person(s) speaking (the first person), the person(s) spoken to (th...

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