work and health

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1 work and health d koh and j jeyaratnam introduction the discipline of occupational medicine is a relatively recent development in the history of modern medicine. if modern medicine is the evolution of medicine from hippocratic times which date back to 2500 years, occupational medicine became a recognised discipline from the time of ramazzini, which dates back only to the 18th century. this historical feature explain? some of the misconceptions of the speciality as well as the reason as to why it is in some situations, not a mainstream health activity. certain historical features in the development of occupational medicine have had a serious impact on the speciality. firstly, the fact that it was intimately linked to the legislative process, with legislation such as the factories act and compensation act, influenced the developmental direction of the speciality. even today, legislation is an important component of the speciality. secondly, during the …

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on and maintenance of the highest degree of 1 2 textbook of occupational medicine practice, 2nd ed. physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations. thus, occupational health is the total health of all at work. occupational health service is seen as a mechanism to achieve its objective. an added dimension to occupational health is the recognition of a two-way relationship between work and health. work health work may not only have an adverse impact on health, but it may also be beneficial to health and well-being. the health status of the worker will have an impact on work. the worker who is healthy is more likely to be productive than an unhealthy worker. workers with impaired health are not only less productive but can also be a danger to themselves as well as other workers and the community (see case study 1). case study 1 an oil …

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ter the restructuring of the company's production and work processes. in addition, the work and health 3 work general diseases work-related diseases occupational diseases e.g. e.g. e.g. diabetes coronary heart disease asbestosis malaria low back pain lead poisoning fig. 1.1 categories of disease at the workplace. recent acquisitions of new factories in overseas locations required that he travel frequently for short attachments at the new factories. this employee consults his doctor for advice on his diabetic control in relation to the changes in the work situation. he is also concerned about diabetic control with regard to travel through several time zones, access to medical care in the developing countries where the new factories are located, and vaccination requirements for the travel. occupational diseases occupational diseases occur as a result of exposure to physical, chemical, biological or psychosocial factors in the workplace (table 1.1). these factors in the work environment are …

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ctors 4. physical factors e.g. noise and vibration 5. chemical hazards nervous injuries 6. biological factors 7. psychological strain 8. psychosocial aspects of work occupational accidents and injuries musculoskeletal disorders strain injuries low-back pain strain injuries mental stress lowered productivity and quality of work noise-induced hearing loss, traumatic vasospastic disease intoxications, fibroses, cancers, allergies, infections, allergies psychic stress, work dissatisfaction, burnout, depression conflicts, lowered productivity, lowered quality of work, mental stress source: rantanen j. role of occupational health in industrialized countries; strategies and principles. procs symp occup health —an essential component of social and health care policy. tallinn, estonia, 14-15 january 1993. work-related diseases the world health organization categorises work-related diseases as "multifactorial" in origin. these are diseases in which workplace factors may be associated in their occurrence but need not be a risk factor in each case. these diseases are frequently seen in the general community. such work-related diseases …

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ial may be notifiable and compensable notifiable and compensable in these diseases, work may be associated in their causation or may aggravate a pre-existing condition. the main differences between occupational diseases and work-related diseases are shown in table 1.2. clinical history taking it was only in 1700s that bernadino ramazzini, physician and professor of medicine in modena and padua, italy, recommended that physicians enquire about a patient's occupation. previous to this, the standard three questions recommended by hippocrates were to enquire of the patient's name, age and residence. as such, it would be evident that the concept that work had a relationship to health and disease is a relatively recent development. the information obtained in the routine question asked of patients, "what is your job", is often inadequately used and furthermore usually incomplete. the reasons for asking this question of a patient are: 1. to assess the extent to which …

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1 work and health d koh and j jeyaratnam introduction the discipline of occupational medicine is a relatively recent development in the history of modern medicine. if modern medicine is the evolution of medicine from hippocratic times which date back to 2500 years, occupational medicine became a recognised discipline from the time of ramazzini, which dates back only to the 18th century. this historical feature explain? some of the misconceptions of the speciality as well as the reason as to why it is in some situations, not a mainstream health activity. certain historical features in the development of occupational medicine have had a serious impact on the speciality. firstly, the fact that it was intimately linked to the legislative process, …

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