etymological parallels in common germanic languages

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theme: theme: etymological parallels in common germanic languages teacher: yokutkhon rakhmonkulova etymologies are statements about the origin and history of linguistic items (words and structures). typically, an etymology gives information about what historical period of a language a word or a structure was created and what kinds of processes were involved, as well as about its subsequent history. usually, etymologies involve the reconstruction of parts or all of an item’s history including the original formation. a reconstruction is a hypothesis about the form and meaning of an ancestral form and the changes it has undergone to yield the oldest attested form. this hypothesis is based on language-internal data and data from related languages as well as our knowledge about language change. the use of comparative data is key for determining and reconstructing the ancestral form of a linguistic item. one important property of reconstructions, and hence of etymologies, is that …

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ally from celtic and latin, such as pgmc. *tūna- ‘fence’ (e.g., ohg zūn ‘fence’) borrowed from proto-celtic *dūno ‘fort, rampart’. it is also common knowledge that a substantial part of the germanic vocabulary is of unclear origin. the exact amount of non-etymologized vocabulary in the germanic lexicon is unknown, but existing quantitative data suggest that the standard figure quoted in the literature of one third is too low. however, mainstream literature has not systematically investigated germanic words of unknown origin with the aim of finding contact etymologies that satisfy the standard requirements of contact linguistics. since the second half of the 20th century, non-indo-european elements in the germanic lexicon have received more attention. the majority of hypotheses involves substratum languages. by contrast, one key observation based on what is known about outcomes of language contact, supported by well-studied cases, is that it is quite likely that some of these non-etymologized …

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ted that a sizable part of them are of non-indo-european origin. given the significant implications for the cultural history of the people who spoke proto-germanic and their contemporaries, it seems well worth investigating the extra-indo-european connections of proto-germanic in spite of the challenges. /docprops/thumbnail.jpeg

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theme: theme: etymological parallels in common germanic languages teacher: yokutkhon rakhmonkulova etymologies are statements about the origin and history of linguistic items (words and structures). typically, an etymology gives information about what historical period of a language a word or a structure was created and what kinds of processes were involved, as well as about its subsequent history. usually, etymologies involve the reconstruction of parts or all of an item’s history including the original formation. a reconstruction is a hypothesis about the form and meaning of an ancestral form and the changes it has undergone to yield the oldest attested form. this hypothesis is based on language-internal data and data from related languages as well as our knowledge about language …

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