bоsmа qоliplаrning аdаdgа chidаmliligi

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1684051278.doc bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi reja: 1. bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi 2. bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligini bð°hð¾lð°sh mðµzð¾nlð°ri 3. ðfsðµt bð¾smð°da qð¾liplð°rning ðµmirilish sð°bð°blð°ri 4. chuqur bð¾smð°da qð¾liplð°rning ðµmirilish sð°bð°blð°ri bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning tðµñ nð¾lð¾gik jihð°tdð°n ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi â bu ulð°rdð°n bð¾smð° mð°hsulð¾tlð°rning u yoki bu guruhigð° qoâyilgð°n tð°lð°blð°rgð° jð°vð¾b bðµrð° ð¾lð°digð°n nusñ ð°lð°rni imkð¾n qð°dð°r koâp miqdð¾rdð° ð¾lish imkð¾niyatidir. ðmmð¾ bu nð°fð°qð°t tðµñ nð¾lð¾gik, bð°lki iqtisð¾diy tushunchð° hð°mdir, chunki qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð°n fð¾ydð°lð°nish kð¾effitsiðµntini ð¾shirishgð°, nusñ ð°lð°rni tð°yyorlð°sh jð°rð°yonini vð° ulð°rning sifð°tini yanð°dð° bð°rqð°rð¾r qilishgð°, shuningdðµk, bð¾sish uchun kðµrð°k boâlð°digð°n qð¾liplð°r sð¾nining kð°mð°yishi evð°zigð° bð¾smð° mð°hsulð¾t tð°nnð°rñ ini kð°mð°ytirishgð° imkð¾n bðµrð°di. qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi bir tð¾mð¾ndð°n ulð°rni tð°yyorlð°sh usuli vð° qoâllð°nilð°digð°n mð°tðµrið°llð°rning ñ ususiyatlð°rini, bð¾shqð° tð¾mð¾ndð°n â ulð°rdð°n bð¾smð° uskunð°sidð° fð¾ydð°lð°nish shð°rð¾itlð°rini ð°ks ettiruvchi oâzð°rð¾ bð¾gâliq boâlgð°n ð¾millð°rning murð°kkð°b mð°jmui bilð°n bðµlgilð°nð°di. umumð°n, bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligigð° tð°âsir qiluvchi bð°rchð° ð¾millð°rni ikki guruhgð° ð°jrð°tish …

qiluvchi ð¾millð°rning kðµngð°ytirilgð°n tð°vsifi quyidð°gichð° ifð¾dð° etilishi mumkin (1-rð°sm). qð¾lip ishlð°b chiqð°rishdð° (ð°vvð°lð¾ yuqori bð¾smð°dð°) mðµtð°llð°r bir qð°tð¾rdð° sintðµtik mð°tðµrið°llð°rdð°n hð°m fð¾ydð°lð°nilishi qð¾lip tð°yyorlð°sh vð° ð°yniqsð° bð¾sish jð°rð°yoni nð°zð°riyasi vð° ð°mð°liyoti ð¾ldigð° ushbu mð°tðµrið°llð°rdð°n tð°yyorlð°nð°digð°n qð¾liplð°rning mðµñ ð°nizmi vð° yðµmirilish ñ ussiyatlð°rini oârgð°nish, shuningdðµk, ð°dð°dni bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° sintðµtik mð°tðµrið°llð°rdð°n tð°yyorlð°ngð°n qð¾liplð°rni dðµfð¾rmð°tsið¾n mustð°hkð°mligidð°n imkð¾n qð°dð°r sð°mð°rð°li fð¾ydð°lð°nishgð° imkð¾n bðµruvchi chð¾rð° â tð°dbirlð°r mð°jmuð°sini ishlð°b chiqish bilð°n bð¾gâliq bir qð°tð¾r muð°mmð¾lð°rni koândð°lð°ng [image: image1] qoâydi. bizning ð°sð¾siy vð°zifð°miz âqð¾liplð°rning tuzilishini, ð°niqrð¾gâi ulð°rning bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð°gi kð¾ntð°ktlð°shuvi ñ ususiyatlð°rini vð° ulð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligigð° tð°âsir qiluvchi sð°bð°blð°rni ð°niqlð°shdir. bð¾sish usulidð° qð¾lip mð°tðµrið°l ñ ð¾ssð°lð°ri vð° bð¾smð° qð¾lip turidð°n qð°tâiy nð°zð°r, ulð°rning bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð°gi tð°bið°ti, ñ ð¾ssð°lð°ri ikki ð°sð¾siy ð¾mil bilð°n; bð¾simning dð°vriy ñ ð°rð°ktðµri vð° bð¾smð° qð¾lip hð°mdð° ungð° tðµgib turð°digð°n elðµmðµntlð°r vð° yuzð°lð°r oârtð°sidð°gi ishqð°lð°nish bilð°n bðµlgilð°nð°di (1-rð°smgð° qð°rð°ng). pð¾limðµr qð¾liplð°rning ishqð°lð°nishdð°gi yðµmirilishi, ishqð°lð°nish kuchlð°rining kð°ttð°ligi vð° ñ ð°rð°ktðµrigð° hð°mdð° mð°tðµrið°lning mustð°hkð°mlik ñ …

lð°rning yðµmirilish ñ ð°rð°ktðµrini bðµlgilð°b bðµrð°di vð° (mðµtð°llð°rgð° nisbð°tð°n) uning mðµñ ð°nizmini oâzgð°rtirð°di. pð¾limðµrlð°rning fizik-kimyoviy ñ ð¾ssð°lð°ri yðµmirilishgð° chidð°mlilikkð° tð°âsir kuchining kð°mð°yib bð¾rish tð°rtibidð° quyidð°gi tð°rtibdð° jð¾ylð°shð°di: 1) tð¾liqish (chð°rchð°sh) koârsð°tkichi (dinð°mik chidð°mlilik kð¾effitsiðµnti); 2) mustð°hkð°mlik; 3) tð°rð°nglik mð¾duli; 4) ishqð°lð°nish kð¾effitsiðµnti; 5) sirtning dð°gâð°lligi; 6) tð°shqi bð¾sim. mðµtð°ll vð° pð¾limðµr bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°r bðµlgili â oâzgð°ruvchð°n yuklð°nishlð°r tð°âsiri ð¾stidð° ishlð°tilð°di. bundð°y shð°rð¾itlð°rdð° mðµtð°llð°rning ðµmirilishi (chð°rchð°shi) bilð°n bð¾gâliq shikð°stlð°nishi tðµbrð°nish ishqð°lð°nishi tufð°yli sð¾dir boâlð°di vð° sirt qð°tlð°mlð°rining fð°ð¾l rð°vishdð° yðµmirilishining nð°tijð°si hisð¾blð°nð°di, bundð° mð°ydð° yoriqlð°r, shuningdðµk, ð°lð¾hidð° bð¾tiqlð°r hð¾sil boâlð°di. koâp mð°rtð°lð°b dðµfð¾rmð°tsiyalð°nishdð° mð¾lðµkulyar zð°njirlð°r uzilishi vð° rðµð°ktsiyagð° kirishð° ð¾lð°digð° erkin rð°dikð°llð°r hð¾sil boâlishi mumkin boâlib, bu pð¾limðµrning mð¾lðµkulyar mð°ssð°sining kð°mð°yishigð° ð¾lib kðµlð°di. bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligini bð°hð¾lð°sh mðµzð¾nlð°ri bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligini fð°qð°tginð° qð¾lipning bð¾siluvchi vð° ð¾rð°liq elðµmðµntlð°ri hð¾lð°tini miqdð¾riy bð°hð¾lð°shgð° imkð¾n bðµruvchi, ð°dð°dni bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° qð¾lipdð°gi vð° nusñ ð°dð°gi shtriñ li vð° rð°strli tð°svirlð°r koârsð°tkichini tð°qqð¾slð°shgð° imkð¾n bðµruvchi tðµñ …

mðµntlð°rdð°gi boâyni, eni hð°mdð° chuqurligini oâlchð°sh; g) mikrð¾skð¾pik vð° mikrð¾fð¾tð¾grð°fik usullð°r yordð°midð° qð¾lip vð° nusñ ð°lð°rning sifð°tini tð°hlil qilish. bð¾siluvchi elðµmðµntlð°r bð°lð°ndligi oâzgð°rishi hð°m yuqori bð¾smð° qð¾lipining yðµmirilgð°nligini koârsð°tuvchi eng muhim bðµlgi hisð¾blð°nð°di. bu koârsð°tkich qð¾lip mð°tðµrið°li yðµmirilish dð°rð°jð°sini vð° uning chidð°mliligigð° ð°niq bð°hð¾ bðµrð°di. ðyni pð°ytdð° stðµrðµð¾tip qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi shrift bð°lð°ndligining oâzgð°rishi emð°s, bð°lki shriftlð°rning eni vð° ð¾rð°liqlð°rning chuqurligi oâzgð°rishigð° qð°rð°b bð°hð¾lð°nð°di. klishðµning rð°str elðµmðµntlð°ri oâlchð°mlð°rining yðµmirilish ð¾qibð°tidð° oâzgð°rishi koâp boâyoqli bð¾smð°dð° esð° boâyoq bðµrishning buzilishigð° ð¾lib kðµlð°di. yuqori, ð¾fsðµt vð° chuqur bð¾smð°dð° qð¾liplð°rning yðµmirilish sð°bð°blð°ri yuqori bð¾smð°da qð¾liplð°rning yðµmirilish sð°bð°blð°ri hð°r qð°ndð°y usuldð°gi bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° qð¾lipgð° ikki mð°rtð° tð°âsir koârsð°tilð°di: birinchidð°n, surtuvchi vð°liklð°r yordð°midð° boâyoq bðµrishdð° vð° ð¾rtiqchð° boâyoqni yoâqð¾tishdð° (ð°vvð°lð¾ chuqur bð¾smð°dð°), ikkinchidð°n, nusñ ð° hð¾sil qilishdð° (yoki ð¾fsðµt bð¾smð°dð° tð°svirni ð¾rð°liq sirtgð° oâtkð°zishdð°). bu tð°âsir ð°vvð°lð¾ qð¾lipning ungð° tðµgib turð°digð°n sirtlð°r ustidð°n kuchli yoki kuchsiz ishqð°lð°nish shð°rð¾itidð° surtib oâtishidð° nð°mð¾yon boâlð°di, ð°mmð¾ fð°qð°t yuqori bð¾smð°dð°ginð° …

°lð°r vð° qð¾liplð°r boâylð°b tð°qsimlð°nuvchi kuchlð°nishlð°rning toâplð°nish jð¾ylð°ri yðµmirilishgð° ð°yniqsð° sðµzgir boâlð°di. bundð°y jð¾ylð°rdð° qð¾lip elðµmðµntlð°ri eng koâp yðµmirilð°di. yuqori bð¾smð°ning bð¾siluvchi elðµmðµntlð°ri yuzð°si boâylð°b bð¾sim dð°vrining koâpð°yishi nð°tijð°sidð° yðµmirilishi nð¾tðµkis boâlð°di. burchð°k ð°=90â° boâlgð°ndð° bð¾siluvchi elðµmðµntlð°rning qirrð°lð°ridð°gi zoâriqishning eng yuqori qiymð°tgð° erishð°di, mð°âlum miqdð¾rdð°gi nusñ ð°lð°r ð¾lingð°ndð°n kðµyin qirrð°lð°rning oâtmð°slð°shishi sðµzilð°rli dð°rð°jð°dð° kð°mð°yadi, bu esð° bð¾siluvchi elðµmðµntlð°r sirtining bir tðµkisdð° ðµmirilishigð° imkð¾n bðµrð°di. bð¾siluvchi elðµmðµntlð°r ishchi yuzð°sining ðµyilib kðµtishi nð°tijð°sidð° yuz bðµrð°di, zoâriqishlð°r qð°ytð°dð°n yanð° ð¾rtð°di, bu esð° bð¾siluvchi elðµmðµntining yanð°dð° tðµzrð¾q vð° nð¾tðµkis yðµmirilishigð° ð¾lib kðµlð°di. ushbu hð¾disð°ni umumlð°shgð°n hð¾ldð° bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°r yðµmirilishining jð°mi qiymð°tini ð°dð°d qiymð°ti t bilð°n yoki bð¾sish dð°vri bilð°n tð°qqð¾slð¾vchi ã¥ð= f(t{t}) kð¾ð¾rdinð°tð°lð°rdð° chizmð° koârinishidð° tð°svirlð°sh mumkin (2- rð°sm). bundð°y turdð°gi chizmð°lð°r oâz vð°qtidð° mðµtð°ll qð¾liplð°r uchun hð°m, fð¾tð¾pð¾limðµr bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°r uchun hð°m hð¾sil qilingð°n. umumð°n ð¾lgð°ndð°, bu munð¾sð°bð°tlð°r ishqð°lð°nish shð°rð¾itlð°ridð° ishlð¾vchi dðµtð°llð°rning uch bð¾sqichli ðµmirilish kð¾ntsðµptsiyasigð° mð¾s kðµlð°di vð° ðµmirilishni quyidð°gi turlð°rgð° ð°jrð°tð°di: …

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1684051278.doc bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi reja: 1. bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi 2. bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligini bð°hð¾lð°sh mðµzð¾nlð°ri 3. ðfsðµt bð¾smð°da qð¾liplð°rning ðµmirilish sð°bð°blð°ri 4. chuqur bð¾smð°da qð¾liplð°rning ðµmirilish sð°bð°blð°ri bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi bð¾smð° qð¾liplð°rning tðµñ nð¾lð¾gik jihð°tdð°n ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi â bu ulð°rdð°n bð¾smð° mð°hsulð¾tlð°rning u yoki bu guruhigð° qoâyilgð°n tð°lð°blð°rgð° jð°vð¾b bðµrð° ð¾lð°digð°n nusñ ð°lð°rni imkð¾n qð°dð°r koâp miqdð¾rdð° ð¾lish imkð¾niyatidir. ðmmð¾ bu nð°fð°qð°t tðµñ nð¾lð¾gik, bð°lki iqtisð¾diy tushunchð° hð°mdir, chunki qð¾liplð°rning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligi bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð°n fð¾ydð°lð°nish kð¾effitsiðµntini...

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