developing effective speaking activities
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developing effective speaking activities step 1: principles behind effective speaking activities summary of key principles: • communicative competence: effective speaking activities target not only grammatical accuracy but also the ability to use language appropriately in social contexts (sociolinguistic, discourse, strategic competence). teachers should design tasks that require real communication. • fluency vs. accuracy: balance is crucial. early stages of a task often prioritise fluency (fluency-focused tasks, time-limited speaking), while follow-up stages or correction sessions target accuracy (focused feedback, corrective exercises). • interaction: pair and group work maximize opportunities for negotiation of meaning, turn-taking, and authentic exchanges. activities should encourage s...
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