patofiziologiya

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slayd 1 patofiziologiya eritorotsitov. anemii. pokazateli krasnoy krovi eritrotsiti 4,5-5,7.1012/l (m) 3,9-5,0.1012/l (j) gematokrit 40,7-50,3% (m) 36,1-44,3% (j) gemoglobin 13,8-17,2 g% (m) 12,1-15,1 g% (j) tsvetnoy pokazatel 0,85-1,0 kolichestvo gemoglobina v eritrotsite 26,7-33,7 pg sredniy razmer eritrotsita 8,0-9,7 mkm izmeneniya ob'ema krovi normovolemiya prostaya (norma) oligotsitemicheskaya (postgemorragicheskaya anemiya) politsitemicheskaya (vlivanie eritrotsitarnoy massi) gipovolemiya prostaya (ostraya postgemorragicheskaya anemiya 1 faza) oligotsitemicheskaya (ostraya postgemorragicheskaya anemiya v obezvojennom organizme) politsitemicheskaya (otritsatelniy vodniy balans) gipervolemiya prostaya (perelivanie krovi ) oligotsitemicheskaya (polojitelniy vodniy balans) politsitemicheskaya (eritremiya, snijenie atmosfernogo davleniya) patologicheskie formi eritrotsitov anomalii formi – poykilotsitoz (sferotsit, exinotsit, akantotsit, stomatotsit va t.p.). anomalii ob'ema – anizotsitoz (mikrotsit, makrotsit). anomalii okraski (gipoxromiya, giperxromiya, polixromaziya). eritrotsiti s patologicheskimi vklyucheniyami (teltsa jolli, papengeymera, geyntsa, koltsa kebota). printsipi klassifikatsii anemiy po patogenezu: postgemorragicheskaya, gemoliticheskaya, defitsitnaya. po tsvetovomu pokazatelyu: normoxromnaya, gipoxromnaya, giperxromnaya po razmeru eritrotsitov: normotsitarnaya, mikrotsitarnaya, makrotsitarnaya po tipu krovetvoreniya: normoblasticheskaya, megaloblasticheskaya po regeneratornoy aktivnosti gemopoeticheskoy tkani: regeneratornaya, giperregengeratornaya, …

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hnogo prostranstva v krov, poyavlenie gematologicheskix proyavleniy anemii. kostno-mozgovaya stadiya usilennoe vimivanie v krov zrelix i nedozrelix form eritrotsitov. kartina perifericheskoy krovi pri postgemorragicheskoy anemii retikulotsitoz, polixromatofiliya, odinochnie normoblasti, nevirajennaya gipoxromiya. vidi priobretennoy gemoliticheskoy anemii toksicheskaya immunnaya (getero-, izo-, autoimmunnaya) mexanicheskaya priobretennie membranopatii (nochnaya paroksizmalnaya gemoglobinuriya) vidi nasledstvennoy gemoliticheskoy anemii membranopatii (bolezn minkovskogo-shoffara). enzimopatii (defekti fermentov petozfosfatnogo tsikla, sistemi glutationa) gemoglobinopatii (α va β talassemiya, serpovidnokletochnaya anemiya) kartina perifericheskoy krovi pri gemoliticheskoy anemii priobretennie: kak pravilo normoxromiya, poykilotsitoz, anizotsitoz, tip krovetvoreniya normoblasticheskiy, regeneratorniy nasledstvennie: retikulotsitoz, polixromatofiliya, eritroblasti, poykilotsitoz (sferotsiti, serpovidnie, mishenevidniy kletki) defitsitnie anemii jelezodefitsitnie vitamin v12 defitstnie folievodefitsitnie belokdefitsitnie kartina perifericheskoy krovi pri defitsitnix anemiyax jelezodefitsitnie: gipoxromiya, poykilotsitoz, anizotsitoz, normoblasticheskiy tip krovetvoreniya, regeneratornaya, giporegeneratornaya vitamin v12 i folievodefitsitnie: giperxromiya, poykilotsitoz (makrosferotsiti), anizotsitoz, tip krovetvoreniya megaloblasticheskiy, aregeneratorniy go'm (gbning o'rtacha massasi/qqt) gb kons. =—————_(g/qqt qqt soni (g ) norma: ~30 eo'h (bitta qqtning o'rtacha hajmi) b/a=gematokrit (gkt) (laat/lqon) gkt =————_ …

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tashxis parametrlari ixtisoslashishdagi virusli infeksiya gen nugsoni fe yetishmovchiligi eritrotsitlar nugson yautoimmun ' folly kislota yetish- " globin sintezidagi —_(nugsonlar, shikast- ireaksiyasi movehiligi | nugson lanish. parazitlar) , buyrak yetish- b12 yetishmov- 1 1 gem sintezidagi ' surunkali movehiligi h chiligi ! nugson 9 1 gon ketish suyak ko'migi es gemoliz ujayra dosh hujayrasi proeritroblast eritroblast eritrotsit surunkali qon yo'gotish 2. anemiya ko'rsatkichi sifatida eritropoetin konsentratsiyasi mas., a &-dicicrotol r tetragidrofolat ,8-digidrofola timidilat ; : dezoksi- sintaza fiidilat ————> _ dm sintezi

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slayd 1 patofiziologiya eritorotsitov. anemii. pokazateli krasnoy krovi eritrotsiti 4,5-5,7.1012/l (m) 3,9-5,0.1012/l (j) gematokrit 40,7-50,3% (m) 36,1-44,3% (j) gemoglobin 13,8-17,2 g% (m) 12,1-15,1 g% (j) tsvetnoy pokazatel 0,85-1,0 kolichestvo gemoglobina v eritrotsite 26,7-33,7 pg sredniy razmer eritrotsita 8,0-9,7 mkm izmeneniya ob'ema krovi normovolemiya prostaya (norma) oligotsitemicheskaya (postgemorragicheskaya anemiya) politsitemicheskaya (vlivanie eritrotsitarnoy massi) gipovolemiya prostaya (ostraya postgemorragicheskaya anemiya 1 faza) oligotsitemicheskaya (ostraya postgemorragicheskaya anemiya v obezvojennom organizme) politsitemicheskaya (otritsatelniy vodniy balans) gipervolemiya prostaya (perelivanie krovi ) oligotsitemicheskaya (polojitelniy vodniy balans) politsitemiche...

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