buyuk ipak yo‘li

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15 стр.

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Обновлено Дек 2025

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ppt/presentation.xml ppt/slides/_rels/slide4.xml.rels ppt/slides/slide1.xml ppt/slides/slide2.xml ppt/slides/slide3.xml ppt/slides/slide4.xml ppt/slides/slide5.xml ppt/slides/slide6.xml ppt/slides/slide7.xml ppt/slides/slide8.xml ppt/slides/slide9.xml ppt/slides/slide10.xml ppt/slides/slide11.xml ppt/slides/slide12.xml ppt/slides/slide13.xml ppt/slides/slide14.xml ppt/slides/slide15.xml ppt/slides/_rels/slide5.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide7.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide8.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide10.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide12.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide14.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide15.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide11.xml.rels ppt/diagrams/data1.xml ppt/diagrams/data2.xml ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide1.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide2.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide3.xml.rels ppt/slidemasters/slidemaster1.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout7.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout8.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout9.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout10.xml ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout2.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout1.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout11.xml ppt/slidemasters/_rels/slidemaster1.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout1.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout2.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout3.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout4.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout5.xml ppt/slidelayouts/slidelayout6.xml ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout3.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout4.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout5.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout6.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout7.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout8.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout9.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout10.xml.rels ppt/slidelayouts/_rels/slidelayout11.xml.rels ppt/media/image5.png ppt/media/image6.svg ppt/media/image7.jpeg ppt/media/image8.png ppt/media/image9.svg ppt/media/image10.png ppt/media/image11.

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svg ppt/media/image12.jpeg ppt/media/image13.png ppt/media/image14.svg ppt/media/image15.png ppt/media/image17.svg ppt/media/image20.jpeg ppt/media/image22.jpeg ppt/media/hdphoto1.wdp ppt/media/image23.jpeg ppt/media/hdphoto2.wdp ppt/media/image24.jpeg ppt/media/hdphoto3.wdp ppt/media/image48.png ppt/media/image49.svg ppt/media/image27.svg ppt/diagrams/layout1.xml ppt/diagrams/quickstyle1.xml ppt/diagrams/colors1.xml ppt/diagrams/drawing1.xml ppt/diagrams/layout2.xml ppt/diagrams/quickstyle2.xml ppt/diagrams/colors2.xml ppt/diagrams/drawing2.xml ppt/media/hdphoto4.wdp ppt/media/image25.jpeg ppt/media/image29.png ppt/media/image30.svg ppt/media/image32.png ppt/media/image33.svg ppt/media/image34.png ppt/media/image37.jpeg ppt/media/image39.png ppt/media/image26.png ppt/media/image40.svg ppt/fonts/font1.fntdata ppt/fonts/font2.fntdata ppt/fonts/font3.fntdata ppt/fonts/font4.fntdata ppt/theme/theme1.xml ppt/media/image1.jpeg ppt/media/image3.png ppt/media/image4.svg docprops/thumbnail.jpeg ppt/tablestyles.xml ppt/viewprops.xml ppt/presprops.xml docprops/core.xml docprops/app.xml ppt/media/image16.png ppt/media/image18.png ppt/media/image19.png ppt/media/image2.png ppt/media/image21.png ppt/media/image28.png ppt/media/image31.png ppt/media/image35.png ppt/media/image36.png ppt/media/image38.png ppt/media/image41.png ppt/media/image42.png ppt/media/image43.png ppt/media/image44.png ppt/media/image45.png ppt/media/image46.png ppt/media/image47.png ppt/slides/_rels/slide13.xml.rels [content_types].xml _rels/.rels docprops/custom.xml o'rta asrdagi iqtisodiy g'oyalar, qarashlar 1. arab mamlakatlaridagi iqtisodiy ta’limotlar ( qur’oni karimdagi iqtisodiy ta’limotlar , abdurahmon ibn xoldun iqtisodiy ta’limotlari ) 2. o‘rta asrdagi o‘rta osiyo mutafakkir - larining iqtisodiy qarashlari ma’ruzachi : jumayeva zamira bustonovna xitoyning tinch okeani bilan hindiston, markaziy osiyo, yaqin sharq, yevropa davlatlarini bog‘lovchi qadimgi savdo yo‘li - buyuk ipak yo‘lidir. bu yo‘l or

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qali asosan ipak eksport qilinganligi sababli «ipak yo‘li» nomi bilan shuhrat qozongan. bu yo‘l m.a. ii asrdan to milodiy xv asrgacha, suv yo‘llari rivojlanguncha xitoy, hindiston, markaziy osiyo, eron, yaqin sharq hamda o‘rta yer dengizi mamlakatlari o‘rtasidagi savdo-sotiq va madaniy aloqalarning rivojida muhim rol o‘ynagan. karvon yo‘lining umumiy uzunligi 12 ming chaqirim atrofida bo‘lgan. nemis tarixchisi k.rixtgofen 1887 yil ushbu yo‘nalishga ilk bor «buyuk ipak yo‘li» degan nisbat beradi va bu ibora muomala (istifoda) ga kiritiladi. shu karvon yo‘l orqali xitoydan ipak , x itoyga esa har xil gazlamalar , gilam va poloslar , oyna , metall , zeb-ziynat buyumlari , qimmatbaho tosh va dorivorlar keltirilgan . baqtriya va dovon ( farg‘ona ) dan ot va tuyalar olib borilgan . x v -x vi asrlardan bu yo‘lning ahamiyati ancha pasaydi , ammo markaziy osiyo respublikalarining siyosiy mustaqillikka erishuvi tufayli , bu yo‘lni yanada jonlantirishga katta ehtiyoj tug‘ildi . xitoy , …

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shlarni ado etib, munkar, man qilingan, insoniyatni zavolga boshlaydigan ishlarni qilmaslik tushuniladi. demak, taqvo insonlarning bir-biridan afzalligini belgilashdagi asosiy o‘lchovlardan biri hisoblanadi . bu afzallik manaviy va ruhiy tarbiyalash bilan o‘zgalarni yashash va turmush kechirish huquqlarini e’tirof etish bilan shakllanadi . islom ta ’ limotini chuqurroq tushunishda qur ’ oni karimdan keyingi h ujjat payg‘ambarimiz muhammad alayhis s alomning hadisi shariflari hisoblanadi . hadisi shariflardan quyidagi namunalarni keltiramiz : • munofiqlik belgisi uchtadir : yolg‘on so‘zlash , va ’ dasining ustidan chiqmaslik va omonatga x iyonat qilish . • amirning sovg‘a olishi h arom va qozining pora olishi dindan chiqishdir . • boylarning uyiga kamroq kiringlar , aks holda tangrining sizlarga bergan ne’matlarini pisand qilmagan bo‘lasizlar . • tilanchilik quyidagi uch toifadan birigagina joizdir : 1. xun to‘lovchiga ; 2.og‘ir qarzdorga ; 3.miskin qashshoq kishiga . • ekmoq niyatida qo‘lingizda ko‘chat turgan paytda bexosdan qiyomat qoyim bo‘lib qolishi aniq bo‘lganda …

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hicha , olim avlod-ajdodi ham musulmonlar qonunchiligini yaxshi bilgan insonlar bo‘lishgan . « al- hidoya » asari musulmon qonunchiligining barcha qirralarini o‘z ichiga oladi va nihoyatda keng tadqiqot manbai bo‘lib hisoblanadi . asarda , ayniqsa , zakot masalasiga katta e ’ tibor berilgan , unga maxsus bir bob ajratilgan . chorva mollari , shaxsiy mulk shakllaridan olinadigan to‘lovlar yuzasidan aytilgan fikrlar bag‘oyat muhimdir . kitobda kimlar va qancha zakot to‘lashi kerakligi haqida qiziq ma’lumotlar keltiriladi . odatda daromadning qirqdan bir hissasi (2,5 foizi ) hisobidan zakot to‘lanishi kerak . chorvachilikda 40 echkidan bittasi zakot hisobida beriladi , mol soni kam bo‘lsa , olinmaydi . zakot to‘lashda bir yoshdan kichik qo‘zilar hisobga kiritilmaydi . otlarda esa boshqacha hisob-kitob qilinadi , yani har otdan bir dinor yoki ot bahosining 9 foizi miqdorida zakot to‘lanishi kerak . ammo eshak , xachir va boshqa ishchi hayvonlar ( xo‘kiz , tuya ) dan to‘lov olinmaydi …

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ppt/presentation.xml ppt/slides/_rels/slide4.xml.rels ppt/slides/slide1.xml ppt/slides/slide2.xml ppt/slides/slide3.xml ppt/slides/slide4.xml ppt/slides/slide5.xml ppt/slides/slide6.xml ppt/slides/slide7.xml ppt/slides/slide8.xml ppt/slides/slide9.xml ppt/slides/slide10.xml ppt/slides/slide11.xml ppt/slides/slide12.xml ppt/slides/slide13.xml ppt/slides/slide14.xml ppt/slides/slide15.xml ppt/slides/_rels/slide5.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide7.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide8.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide10.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide12.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide14.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide15.xml.rels ppt/slides/_rels/slide11.xml.rels ppt/diagrams/data1.xml ppt/diagrams/data2.xml ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.re...

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