clinical pharmacology of drugs that affect vascular tone

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антигиперт средства clinical pharmacology of drugs that affects vascular tone antihypertensive drugs - a combination of drugs that lower blood pressure and for the treatment of hypertension. factors that can increase blood pressure increasing of cardiac output 2) increase of total peripheral resistance 3) increase of the circulating blood volume pathogenic therapy of hypertension 1) effects on the nervous regulation of vascular tone 2) impact on factors endogenous humoral regulation of vascular tone 3) the direct effect on smooth muscle of the vascular wall 4) impact on water and electrolyte balance. classification antihypertensive drugs i. neurotropic drugs (reducing sympathetic influence): central action drugs: clonidine, guanfacine, moxonidine, alpha-methyldopa peripheral actions: ganglioplegic drugs: gigrony, benzogeksony, pentamin sympatholytics: oktadin, reserpine alpha, beta-blockers: labetolol alpha-blockers: - non-selective: phentolamine, thropaphen - alpha-1-selective: prazosin, doxazosin beta-blockers: - non-selective: propranolol (inderal, obzidan) - beta 1 -selective (cardioselective): atenolol, metoprolol classification antihypertensive drugs ii. medication myotropic action calcium …

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centrally acting. clonidine (clonidine, gemiton, katapressan). central mechanism of action. stimulation of postsynaptic alpha-2-ap and imidazoline receptor neurons nucleus of the solitary tract distribution of the oppressor the spread of excitation in the impulses of these nuclei in the center of the vagus nerve vasomotor center reduced stimulating efferent impulses to the vessels and to the heart increases tone of n.vagus inhibited sympathetic influence enhanced parasympathetic on the heart and blood vessels effects on the heart indications for use of clonidine 1) hypertensive heart disease 2) hypertensive crisis (used with caution because of the risk of transient increase in vascular tone) unwanted side effects of clonidine lethargy, drowsiness. mental depression. dry mouth. withdrawal. contraindications for receiving clonidine cerebral atherosclerosis. depression. severe bradycardia and atrioventricular block. mechanism of action methyldopa metabolism methyldopa alfametil-dopa alpha-methyl-dopamine alpha-methyl noradrenaline alfametil-adrenaline stimulates alpha-2 adrenoceptors unwanted side effects of methyldopa 1) sedative-hypnotic effect 2) dyspepsia 3) …

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lood flow donator no. mechanism of action sodium nitroprusside is metabolized in the body to release no no binds to the heme iron cytosolic guanylate cyclase activation of guanylate cyclase accumulation of 3.5 cgmp in myocytes decrease in the concentration of cytosolic ionized calcium dephosphorylation of myosin heads muscle cells relaxation media of arteries and veins indications for use sodium nitroprusside 1) hypertensive crisis 2) controlled hypotension 3) heart failure contraindications for use of sodium nitroprusside 1) violations of cerebral circulation 2) the liver and kidneys 3) advanced age 4) pregnancy side effects sodium nitroprusside 1) reflex tachycardia 2) cyanide poisoning mechanism of action hydralazine (apressin) slows inactivation of endothelial relaxing factor (no) has a relaxing effect on the arterioles and small arteries decreases total peripheral vascular resistance decreases blood pressure indications for use hydralazine (apressin) 1) hypertensive heart disease 2) hypertensive crisis unwanted side effects hydralazine (apressin) 1) orthostatic …

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1) inclusive a sulfhydryl group - capoten 2) carboxyl lci dipeptides - enalapril, lisinopril, kvinalapril, tradolapril, perindopril, etc. 3) phosphorus - fosinopril unwanted side effects of ace inhibitors 1) dry cough 2) headache 3) tachycardia 4) allergic reactions 5) violations of taste sensitivity 6) proteinuria 7) with long-term use may develop tolerance contraindication to ace inhibitors 1) pregnancy and lactation 2) chronic inflammatory lung disease 3) renal artery atherosclerosis stenosing 4) renal insufficiency angiotensin ii receptor blockers losartan (cozaar) mechanism of action: 1. competitive angiotensin receptor antagonist. 2. cancels all of its effects: pressor action, aldosterone-dependent sodium and water retention in the body, stimulating sympathoadrenal system. 3. reduces the total peripheral resistance and reduces afterload on the heart. 4. has sodium ureticheskim action. losartan (cozaar) indications: - hypertension unwanted side effects: -headache - dizziness contraindications: - pregnancy and lactation

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антигиперт средства clinical pharmacology of drugs that affects vascular tone antihypertensive drugs - a combination of drugs that lower blood pressure and for the treatment of hypertension. factors that can increase blood pressure increasing of cardiac output 2) increase of total peripheral resistance 3) increase of the circulating blood volume pathogenic therapy of hypertension 1) effects on the nervous regulation of vascular tone 2) impact on factors endogenous humoral regulation of vascular tone 3) the direct effect on smooth muscle of the vascular wall 4) impact on water and electrolyte balance. classification antihypertensive drugs i. neurotropic drugs (reducing sympathetic influence): central action drugs: clonidine, guanfacine, moxonidine, alpha-methyldopa peripheral actions: gangl...

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