smooth muscle physiology

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muscle physiology smooth muscle physiology dr khaled alkhamesy phys-y1-2013 * muscular system functions body movement (locomotion) maintenance of posture respiration diaphragm and intercostal contractions communication (verbal and facial) constriction of organs and vessels peristalsis of intestinal tract vasoconstriction of b.v. and other structures (pupils) heart beat production of body heat (thermogenesis) * types of muscle skeletal attached to bones makes up 40% of body weight responsible for locomotion, facial expressions, posture, respiratory movements, other types of body movement voluntary in action; controlled by somatic motor neurons smooth in the walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, eye, glands, uterus, skin some functions: propel urine, mix food in digestive tract, dilating/constricting pupils, regulating blood flow, in some locations, autorhythmic controlled involuntarily by endocrine and autonomic nervous systems cardiac heart: major source of movement of blood autorhythmic controlled involuntarily by endocrine and autonomic nervous systems * nerve and blood vessel supply motor neurons …

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a few muscle fibers innervated in each group impulse spreads through gap junction and contracts as a unit often autorhythmic multiunit: cells or groups of cells act as independent units arrector pili of skin and iris of eye * smooth muscle cell smooth muscle contraction: mechanism smooth muscle relaxation: mechanism comparison of role of calcium in bringing about contraction in smooth muscle and skeletal muscle * contraction-relaxation – myosin based regulation ca2+ ca2+ calmodulin mlck relaxation contraction mlcp mlck, myosin light chain kinase mlcp, myosin light chain phosphatase important points: initiated by calcium calcium binds to calmodulin (instead of troponin as in skm) ca-calmodulin-mlck complex leads to phosphorylation of mlc (requires 1 atp) mlc is part of myosin head phosphorylated myosin head binds to actin and power stroke occurs automatically a second atp is required to release myosin head from actin cross-bridge cycling requires both mlck and mlcp mlc active …

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ic drugs are used for the treatment of alzheimer’s disease autonomic drugs are used for the treatment of high blood pressure autonomic drugs are used for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy autonomic drugs are used for the treatment of anaphylactic shock autonomic drugs are used for the treatment of septic shock autonomic drugs are used for the treatment of asthma cranial nerves twelve pairs 2 attach to forebrain 10 attach to brainstem names relate to appearance or function keep your nervous system healthy by…

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muscle physiology smooth muscle physiology dr khaled alkhamesy phys-y1-2013 * muscular system functions body movement (locomotion) maintenance of posture respiration diaphragm and intercostal contractions communication (verbal and facial) constriction of organs and vessels peristalsis of intestinal tract vasoconstriction of b.v. and other structures (pupils) heart beat production of body heat (thermogenesis) * types of muscle skeletal attached to bones makes up 40% of body weight responsible for locomotion, facial expressions, posture, respiratory movements, other types of body movement voluntary in action; controlled by somatic motor neurons smooth in the walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, eye, glands, uterus, skin some functions: propel urine, mix food in digestive tract, dilating/co...

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