the classification of germanic languages

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theme: theme: the classification of germanic languages teacher: yokutkhon rakhmonkulova the word philology is used to denote two disciplines; or aspects of human activity. 1. the study of human records, the establishment of their authenticity and their original form and determination of their meaning. 2. linguistics. this word is from greek and it means ―love of learning and literature‖. linguistics is the branch of philology which deals with the study of the theoretical and practical problems of language functioning: system, structure and usage. the discipline we are presenting you within the hours given for this subject – that is “roman-german philology” – deals with the problem of working out common features of the germanc group of languages related to each other by the links of common origin. we‘ll speak about the modern status of each member of the germanc group of languages in the modern world. these are the following …

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unctional value of the languages used in certain country or region. language planning is a notion which denotes a certain set of measures undertaken by the state authorities in relation to the languages used in the country. language situation can be of three types: 1) monolingual (unilingual) language situation is a situation in which one language is used as a means of communication within the borders of a country. 2) bilingual language situation. bilingual language policy is such a policy in which two languages are used as a means of communication in a country. there are two of bls: 1. diglossia (from greek đi (two) and glossa – language) 2. bilingualism proper (from latin bi – (two) and lingua (language).in diglossia one of the two languages used in the country is more prefferable than the second one and some privileges are given to that language. in bilingualism the two languages …

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unctional types of the languages of the world: a) official working language of uno; b) regional language; c) official language of a country; d) language of a part of a country; e) language of science and technologies; h) language of prose and poetry; i) language of teaching (or instruction); j) language of nearby territories (neighbourhood); k) language of intercourse in the family; l) language of religion. 2) social variety is observed in the following antinomies: men – women; old – young; educated – uneducated; urban – rural; white – black; colonial – metropolitan 3) territorial variety is observed in the functioning of the language in different parts of the world: a) britain (dialects: northern, kentish, middlesex, southern, cockney etc.); b) usa; c) australia; d) canada; e) south africa; f) ireland; g) scotland. territorial variety of the language is such a variety which has developed a certain over-dialectal norm used in …

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istic factors: intra linguistic factors of language change include: 1) phonetic changes phonetic changes include all kinds of changes taking place in the phonetic structure of a language like consonant and vowel changes, qualitative and quantitative changes, positional and independent changes. 2) spelling changes spelling changes include all changes taking place in the writing of words in different varieties of the language, like honour – honor, colour – color etc. rate of linguistic changes language changes are usually slow and gradual. they proceed in minor, imperceptible steps unnoticed by the speakers. the rate of the language change is restricted by the communicative function of language for a rapid change would have disturbed communication between speakers of different generations. unlike human society, language undergoes no revolutions or sudden breaks. the slow rate of linguistic change is seen in the gradual spread of new features in language space. different parts or levels …

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anguage; c) official language of a country; d) language of a part of a country; e) language of science and technologies; h) language of prose and poetry; i) language of teaching (or instruction); j) language of nearby territories (neighbourhood); k) language of intercourse in the family; l) language of religion. 2) social variety is observed in the following antinomies: men – women; old – young; educated – uneducated; urban – rural; white – black; colonial – metropolitan 3) territorial variety is observed in the functioning of the language in different parts of the world: a) britain (dialects: northern, kentish, middlesex, southern, cockney etc.); b) usa; c) australia; d) canada; e) south africa; f) ireland; g) scotland. territorial variety of the language is such a variety which has developed a certain over-dialectal norm used in its territory of functioning. forms of existence of the language language functions in the following forms: …

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theme: theme: the classification of germanic languages teacher: yokutkhon rakhmonkulova the word philology is used to denote two disciplines; or aspects of human activity. 1. the study of human records, the establishment of their authenticity and their original form and determination of their meaning. 2. linguistics. this word is from greek and it means ―love of learning and literature‖. linguistics is the branch of philology which deals with the study of the theoretical and practical problems of language functioning: system, structure and usage. the discipline we are presenting you within the hours given for this subject – that is “roman-german philology” – deals with the problem of working out common features of the germanc group of languages related to each …

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