ingliz dialektlaridagi leksik o‘zgarishlar bo‘yicha kurs ishi

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2 3 2 introduction wide spreading of the english language in the world communication has been stimulated by rapid development of international, economic, scientific, and cultural relations which is called by the necessity to study the language intermediary. for a long time english has been studied in its well-known form – bbc / rp which received the status of national standard in the uk. under the modern circumstances when contacts have become more personal it appears to be not enough to know the refi net version of the standardized english language. people become more interested in local, regional, and social variations of language which they hear every day in different parts of the world. the varieties of english attract attentions not only for practical purposes but scientific cognitive too. [footnoteref:1] [1: arakin v.d. history of the english language. - moscow, 2021, 310 p] in different english speaking countries there always …

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, their role and importance. the tasks of this works as follows: · tо givе infоrmаtiоn аbоut the lexical variation across english dialects; · tо give general information about the lexical variation across english dialects; · tо аnаlyzе role оf the lexical variation across english dialects. thе subjеct оf thе cоursе pаpеr is tо cоnduct rеsеаrch аbоut the lexical variation across english dialects. the structure of the work: the course work consists of an intrоductiоn, two chаptеrs, cоnclusiоn rezyume аnd а list оf usеd litеrаturе. chapter i. literature review and methodology of the lexical variation across english dialects 1.1. literature review of the lexical variation across english dialects in our turn, we would like to pay our attention to three major differences in variation of english: phonological, lexical semantic, and structural grammatical as well as to consider the reasons of its origin.[footnoteref:2] [2: antrushina g.b., afanasyeva o.v. lexicology of english …

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nize”, or the use of while to mean “until”. the best-known northern words are nowt “nothing”, owt “anything”, summat “something”. the “present historical” is named after the speech of the northern region. instead of saying i said to him, users would say i says to him, or instead of i went up there, they would say i goes up there. southern english originated from the upper-class speech of the london – oxford – cambridge triangle and is particularly notable as the basis for rp. southern english accents have three main historical infl uences: the london accent, in particular, cockney; rp; southern rural accents, such as west country, kent, and east anglian. southern english accents are distinguished by using long [a:] instead of short [a] in such words as cast [ka:st], bath [ba:θ]; diphthongal realization of [i] and [u], e.g.: beat [biit], paw [po ], losing of ‘to’ from sentences related …

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r, theater; am -or versus br -our – behavior, color, harbor, honor, humor, labor, neighbor; am -se versus br -ce – defense, license, offense, practise; am -z versus br -s – analyze, criticize, emphasize, idealize, organize; am -e versus br -ae / -oe – anemia, anesthesia, medieval; am -f versus br -ph – sulfur, sulfate; am -i versus br -y – tire, siphon, am -y versus br -i – gayety, gypsy, am single consonant -l versus br doubled one -ll before a suffi x in unstressed syllables – dialed, labeled, marvelous, traveler. there are some isolated differences, e.g.: american british ax cozy curb check draft jail plow refl ection axe cosy kerb cheque draught goal plough refl exion some compounds are spelled either with a hyphen or together in ame comparing with their british counterparts, e.g.: breakdown, am – break-down, br; weekend, am – weekend, br; grandcover, am – grand …

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and most notable additions to the american vocabulary there are terms describing features of the north american landscape, e.g.: barrens, bluff, bottomland, branch, cutoff, fork, gulch, knob, notch, rapids, riffl e, snag, timberline, trail, watergap. such words as creek, slough, sleet, watershed received new meanings unknown in england. thus, the word corn, used in england to denote wheat (or any cereal), came to name the plant zea mays, the most important crop in the usa, originally named indian corn; wheat, rye, barley, oats, etc. came to be collectively referred to as grain (or breadstuff); the word barn assumed additional meaning a “housing livestork”, the word team – a “vehicle run by horses”, as well as elevator and truck. with development of the society’s new concepts came into life marking different domains and spheres such as: real estate – land offi ce, outlands, waterfront, to locate, to relocate; types of property– …

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2 3 2 introduction wide spreading of the english language in the world communication has been stimulated by rapid development of international, economic, scientific, and cultural relations which is called by the necessity to study the language intermediary. for a long time english has been studied in its well-known form – bbc / rp which received the status of national standard in the uk. under the modern circumstances when contacts have become more personal it appears to be not enough to know the refi net version of the standardized english language. people become more interested in local, regional, and social variations of language which they hear every day in different parts of the world. the varieties of english attract attentions …

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