means of expressing modality in english

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o‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi __universiteti ro’yxatga olindi №__________ ro’yxatga olindi №__________ “_____” ____________20 y. “_____” ____________20 y. “___________________________ “ kafedrasi “_____________________________ “ fanidan kurs ishi mavzu:________________ bajardi:_________________________________ tekshirdi:_______________________________ ______________ - 20___ features of modal verbs content introduction…………………………………………...……..……………........ 3 chapter i. modality…………………..................................................................5 1.1. the concept of modality……………………………………….…….………5 1.2. modality categories …………………………………………....………….…7 1.3 . lexical composition and classification of modal words………..………….10 chapter ii. general characteristics of modal verbs........................................18 2.1. verb must.................................................................. ....................................18 2.2. verb may – might................................................................ ...........................21 2.3. verbs should and ought............................................................... ...................24 conclusion................................................. ...........................................................28 references …………………………………….....................................................30 introduction the topic of my course work is “means of expressing modality in english.” the subject of the study is modal words in modern english as the main lexical means of expressing modality. the relevance of the research topic is due to the need for a comprehensive theoretical consideration of the category of modality, the means of its expression, the …

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the attention of scientists since the second half of the 20th century. however, modal words have not yet received a complete explanation due to their versatility, specificity of linguistic expression and functional features. thus, the insufficient scientific systematization of the category of modality and the means of its expression in the english language determined the choice of the topic of this course work. the purpose of the study is to identify the essence, to describe and comprehensively analyze modal words as a special part of speech in the english language, as well as to consider modal verbs as one of the ways to implement modality. in accordance with the goal, the following tasks are set: determine the essence, specificity and main features of the modality category; characterize the main modal verbs; describe modal words as means of expressing certainty; characterize modal words in terms of their lexical composition; identify the …

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c nature and composition of the particular meanings of which so many contradictory points of view have been expressed as about the category of modality. most authors include in its composition meanings that are the most heterogeneous in their essence, functional purpose and belonging to the levels of linguistic structure, so that the category of modality is deprived of any certainty. meanwhile, this problem is of significant importance not only for linguistics, but also for logic, since the category of modality belongs to the area of linguistic phenomena where their connection with the logical structure and thinking is most direct. it is known that modality is equally a subject of study in both linguistics and logic. and if in the first modality is included among the most essential characteristics of a sentence as a linguistic unit, then in the second it is considered as an essential feature of judgment as …

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hip of the communicated to its real implementation), expressed by various lexical and grammatical means, such as form and mood, modal verbs, etc. modality can have the meaning of statement, command, wish, assumption, reliability, unreality, etc. the dictionary of linguistic terms (1969) also provides a division of modality into types: - hypothetical modality (hypothetical (suppositional) modality), which involves presenting the content of a statement as hypothetical ; - verbal modality. modality expressed by a verb; - unreal modality - presentation of the content of a statement as impossible, unfeasible; - negative modality – presentation of the content of a statement as inconsistent with reality.[20: p. 245]. russian grammar of 1980 notes that, firstly, modality is expressed by multi-level means of language, secondly, it is indicated that the category of objective modality correlates with the category of predicativity, thirdly, a circle of phenomena related to the phenomena of modality is outlined: …

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f ushakov d.n. (1996): modality - (english modality) a conceptual category with the meaning of the speaker’s attitude to the content of the statement and the relationship of the content of the statement to reality (the relationship of what is being communicated to its actual implementation), expressed by various grammatical and lexical means, such as mood forms, modal verbs, intonation, etc. [23: p. 277] . linguist v.v. vinogradov in his work “russian language” gave a broader definition of modality. it follows from it that “modality is not only a characteristic of reality and unreality, but also the attitude of the speaker to what is being expressed.” from the definition it is clear that there are two types of modality: objective and subjective, but in the text it is difficult to distinguish a clear boundary between them. many researchers believe that modality in a text is subjective. [13: p. 23] 1.2. …

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o‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi __universiteti ro’yxatga olindi №__________ ro’yxatga olindi №__________ “_____” ____________20 y. “_____” ____________20 y. “___________________________ “ kafedrasi “_____________________________ “ fanidan kurs ishi mavzu:________________ bajardi:_________________________________ tekshirdi:_______________________________ ______________ - 20___ features of modal verbs content introduction…………………………………………...……..……………........ 3 chapter i. modality…………………..................................................................5 1.1. the concept of modality……………………………………….…….………5 1.2. modality categories …………………………………………....………….…7 1.3 . lexical composition and classification of modal words………..………….10 chapter ii. general character...

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