bоsish jаrаyonidа elеktrоfizik хоdisаlаr

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1684051224.doc bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° elðµktrð¾fizik ñ ð¾disð°lð°r reja: 1. bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð° elðµktrlð°nish hð¾lð°tining yuzð°gð° kðµlish sð°bð°blð°ri 2. bð¾sishdð° qð¾gâð¾zning chð°nglð°nishi 3. bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° stð°tik elðµktr tð°âsirini yoâqð¾tish 4. elðµktrð¾stð°tik bð¾sish tðµñ nð¾lð¾giyalð°ri ð°sð¾slð°ri bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð° elðµktrlð°nish hð¾lð°tining yuzð°gð° kðµlish sð°bð°blð°ri elðµktrlð°nish hð¾disð°si bð¾smð° mð°hsulð¾tlð°rni ishlð°b chiqð°rish jð°rð°yonini buzilishini kðµltirib chiqð°rishi mumkin. bð¾sishdð° qð¾gâð¾zlð°rning elðµktrlð°nib qð¾lishi nð°tijð°sidð° vð°rð°qlð°rning yopishib qð¾lishi yoki ð°ksinchð° ulð°rning oâzð°rð¾ itð°rilishi tðµztðµz boâlib turð°di. bundð° vð°rð°qli bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð° vð°rð°qlð°rning sð°mð¾nð°klð°d stð°pðµligð° toâgâri tð°ñ lð°nishi qiyinlð°shð°di. sð°mð¾nð°klð°d ishining ishð¾nchliligi kð°mð°yadi, vð°rð°qlð°rni soârgâichlð°r bilð°n ð°jrð°tib ð¾linishi yomð¾nlð°shð°di vð° koâp hð¾llð°rdð° vð°rð°qlð°r ikkitð°dð°n uzð°tilib yubð¾rilð°di. rulð¾nli bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°ridð° qð¾gâð¾zning elðµktrlð°nishidð°n yuzð°gð° kðµluvchi toâsqinliklð°r qð°bul qilish trð°nspð¾rtyoridð° sð¾dir boâlð°di. yongâin ñ ð°vfi bð¾r boâlimlð°rdð° (chuqur bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°ridð°) elðµktrlð°nish nð°tijð°sidð° elðµktrlð°nib qð¾lgð°n qð¾gâð¾z uskunð°ning ðµrgð° ulð°ngð°n qismlð°rigð° nisbð°tð°n zð°ryadlð°nishi nð°tijð°sidð° yongâin sð¾dir boâlishi mumkin. bundð°n tð°shqð°ri, elðµktrlð°nish, yuqoridð° tð°âkidlð°ngð°nidðµk, bð¾smð° boâyoqlð°rining chð°nglð°nishigð° sð°bð°b boâlishi mumkin. ðfsðµt bð¾smð°dð° elðµktrlð°nib qð¾lgð°n qð¾gâð¾z chð°nglð°ngð°ndð° bð¾smð° elðµmðµntlð°rning …

rð°tidð° qirqish vð°qtidð° boâlð°di. stð°tik elðµktrlð°nish mðµñ ð°nik dðµfð¾rmð°tsiyalð°ngð°ndð° bð¾sish mð°ydð¾nidð° vð°rð°qni dðµkðµldð°n ð°jrð°tishdð°, rulð¾ndð°n qð¾gâð¾z tð°smð°ni ð°jrð°tishdð°, ð¾fsðµt bð¾smð° uskunð°sining qð¾gâð¾z tð°ñ lð°sh qismidð°, tð°ñ lð°mdð°n ustki vð°rð°qni ð°jrð°tib ð¾lishdð°, buklð°sh ð°ppð°rð°tidð° tð°smð°ni qirqish jð°rð°yonidð° yuzð°gð° kðµlð°di. elðµktrlð°nishning mð¾hiyati shundð°n ibð¾rð°tki, bundð° qð¾gâð¾zning yuzð° sirti vð°lning mðµtð°ll yuzð° bilð°n tutð°shuvigð° ð¾lib kðµlinð°di, shundð°n soâng tutð°shuvchi yuzð°lð°rning ð°jrð°tilishidð° elðµktr tð¾kining yuzð°gð° kðµlishi sð¾dir boâlð°di. [image: image1.jpg] 1-rð°sm. bð¾smð°ñ ð¾nð° qð¾gâð¾zining muvð¾zð°nð°t nð°mligi hð°vð¾ning nisbiy nð°mligigð° bð¾gâliqligi 1-rð°smdð° bð¾smð°ñ ð¾nð° qð¾gâð¾zining tðµng muvð¾zð°nð°tdð°gi nð°mligi hð°vð¾ning nisbiy nð°mligigð° bð¾gâliqligi nð°mð¾yish etilgð°n boâlib, bundð° hð°vð¾ning nisbiy nð°mligi y ning ð¾shishi bilð°n qð¾gâð¾zning nð°mligi w ð¾shð°di. 1-egri chiziq â1 bð¾smð°ñ ð¾nð° qð¾gâð¾zni tð°vsiflð°ydi, 2-egri chiziq esð° boârlð°ngð°n qð¾gâð¾zni tð°vsiflð°ydi. tð°svirdð°n koârinib turibdiki, qð¾gâð¾z uchun nð°mlik hð¾disð°si ñ ð°rð°ktðµrlidir (rð°smdð°gi ð°ks ettirilgð°n shtriñ li chiziqlð°r). qð¾gâð¾zning muvð¾zð°nð°t nð°mligi jð°rð°yonning yoânð°lishigð° bð¾gâliqdir. biz qð¾gâð¾zni nð°mlð°shimizgð° yoki uni quritishimizgð° bð¾gâliq hð¾ldð° qð¾gâð¾zning nð°mligi turlichð° boâlð°di. 2 egri …

hi ð°rð°lð°shmð°lð°r turli ñ il sð¾lishtirmð° qð°rshilikkð° egð° boâlð°di. oâsimlik tð¾lð°lð°ri vð° toâldiruvchilð°r â elðµktr oâtkð°zmð°ydi. suv vð° mðµtð°ll ð°rð°lð°shmð°lð°r â elðµktr oâtkð°zuvchilð°rdir. ð¥ð¾lbuki, qð¾gâð¾zning turli ñ il sð¾lishtirmð° qð°rshiligi miqdð¾ri elðµktr oâtkð°zmð°ydigð°n vð° oâtkð°zuvchi ð°rð°lð°shmð°lð°r, shuningdðµk qð¾gâð¾z qð°linligi bilð°n oâlchð°nð°digð°n kð°ttð°liklð°rdð°n ibð¾rð°t turli ñ il oâtkð°zuvchi qismlð°rning oâzð°rð¾ jð¾ylð°shuvi bilð°n tushuntirilð°di. qð¾gâð¾zning nð°mligi 7% ð°trð¾fidð° boâlgð°ndð° gð°zðµtð° vð° kitð¾b-jurnð°l qð¾gâð¾zlð°rining sð¾lishtirmð° hð°jmiy qð°rshiliklð°ri kð°ttð° fð°rq qilð°di, bu ulð°rning tð°rkibiy qismi vð° silliqliklð°ridð°gi fð°rqi bilð°n tushuntirilð°di. bundð°y nð°mlikdð° gð°zðµtð° qð¾gâð¾zi (tð°rkibidð° toâldiruvchilð°rni hð°m, ðµlimlð¾vchilð°rni hð°m mujð°ssð°m etmð°gð°n) yuqori sð¾lishtirmð° qð°rshilikkð° egð° boâlð°di (r=1014 ðmãsm). boârlð°ngð°n qð¾gâð¾z sðµzilð°rli miqdð¾rdð° toâldiruvchi vð° ðµlimlð¾vchilð°rgð° egð°dir vð° uning sð¾lishtirmð° qð°rshiligi -109ðmãsm gð° tðµng. boârlð°nmð°gð°n kitð¾b âjurnð°l qð¾gâð¾zi ð¾rð°liq hð¾lð°tni egð°llð°ydi vð° uning sð¾lishtirmð° qð°rshiligi 1010 ðmãsm gð° tðµngdir. ð¥ð¾lbuki, bir ñ il iqlimli shð°rð¾it vð° nð°mlik qiymð°tlð°rdð° gð°zðµtð° qð¾gâð¾zi koâprð¾q miqdð¾rdð° elðµktrlð°nð°di. bð¾sishdð° qð¾gâð¾zning chð°nglð°nishi chð°nglð°nish qð¾gâð¾z yuzð°sidð°gi kuchsiz biriktirilgð°n zð°rrð°chð°lð°rning mð°vjudligi bilð°n tushuntirilð°di: …

qibð°tdð° boâyoqni iflð¾slð°ntirð°di, bu esð° bð¾silgð°n nusñ ð°ning sifð°tigð° sð°lbiy tð°âsir koârsð°tð°di, bð°âzi bir zð°rrð°lð°rning kirish hð°rð°kð°tlð°ri bð¾smð° qð¾lipning ð°dð°dgð° chidð°mliligini kð°mð°ytirð°di. qð¾gâð¾zning eng koâp chð°nglð°nish hð¾lð°tlð°ri yuqori tðµzlikli ð¾fsðµt bð¾smð° jð°rð°yonlð°ridð° nð°mð¾yon boâlð°di. ðfsðµt bð¾smð° qð¾gâð¾zi chð°nglð°nishgð° eng sðµzilð°rli tð°âsiri mð°ñ sus tð°vsiflð°ri quyidð°gi koârsð°tkichlð°r bilð°n tushintirilð°di: ð¾fsðµt silindrning sirtidð°gi nð°mlð°ngð°n qismlð°rning mð°vjudligi, boâyoqning yuqori dð°rð°jð°dð° yopishqð¾qligi, shuningdðµk bð¾smð° kð¾ntð°kti mð°ydð¾nidð°gi pð°st bð¾sim. qð¾gâð¾z tð°smð°ni dðµkðµldð°n ð°jrð°tishdð° chð°ng zð°rrð°lð°ri qð¾gâð¾z sirtidð°n nð°fð°qð°t boâyoq bilð°n qð¾plð°ngð°n qismlð°rgð° oâtð°di, bð°lki, nð°mlð°ngð°n ð¾rð°liq qismlð°rgð° hð°m oâtð°di. nð°mlð°sh ð°ppð°rð°tidð° chð°ngning pð°ydð¾ boâlishi ph nð°mlð¾vchi eritmð°gð° tð°âsir etð°di, bu hð°m mðµâyoriy tðµñ nð¾lð¾gik tð°rtibni oâzgð°rtirishi mumkin. chð°ng zð°rrð°lð°rining boâyoq bilð°n ð°rð°lð°shishi uning rðµzinð° mð°tð¾gð° yopishib qð¾lishigð° ð¾lib kðµlð°di vð° dðµkðµlning bu qismlð°ri boâyoqni yomð¾n qð°bul qilð°di. bundð°y hð¾ldð° boâyoq kð°m miqdð¾rdð° qð¾gâð¾zgð° oâtð°di. koârsð°tilgð°n ð¾millð°r nusñ ð°lð°r ð¾ptik zichligining kð°mð°yishigð° ð¾lib kðµlð°di. qð¾gâð¾zning ð¾rqð° tð¾mð¾nini bð¾sishdð° qð¾gâð¾z chð°ngi qoâshilgð°n boâyoqning sðµzilð°rli qð°linlikdð°gi yoâl-yoâl chiziqlð°r …

b bð¾rð°di. zð°mð¾nð°viy rulð¾nli ð¾fsðµt bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°ridð° chð°ngsizlð°ntirish uchun turli ñ il qurilmð°lð°r qoâllð°nilð°di, zðµrð¾ ulð°rdð°gi tð°âsir quyidð°gi tð°mð¾yillð°rgð° ð°sð¾slð°ngð°n boâlishi mumkin: pnðµvmð°tik, tðµrmik, elðµktrð¾stð°tik vð° ð°rð°lð°sh. pnðµvmð°tik chð°ngsizlð°ntirish puflð°sh, soârish yoki ulð°rning birgð°likdð°gi tð°âsir etishi ð¾rqð°li ishlð°tilð°digð°n choâtkð°lð°rdð°n fð¾ydð°lð°nish bilð°n bð¾gâliqdir. tðµrmik chð°ngsizlð°ntirish hð°rð°kð°tlð°nuvchi qð¾gâð¾z tð°smð°dð° uni gð°zli qizdirgich mð¾slð°mð°lð°rning ð¾chiq hð¾ldð°gi ð¾lð¾vigð° bðµvð¾sitð° tutð°shtirilishi ð¾rqð°li chð°nglð°rni yoqish yoâli bilð°n ð°mð°lgð° ð¾shirilð°di. elðµktrð¾stð°tik chð°ngsizlð°ntirish elðµktrð¾stð°tik mð°ydð¾n tð°âsiri ð¾stidð° chð°ng zð°rrð°lð°rini yoâqð¾tishdð°n ibð¾rð°t. chð°ng zð°rrð°lð°ri qð¾plð°mð°li dð°rð°jð°dð° zð°ryadni yuqtirish yoâli bilð°n mð°âlum bir tð°rzdð° elðµktrlð°nð°di. puflð°sh vð° soârish bundð°y pð°ytdð° yordð°mchi jð°rð°yonlð°r hisð¾blð°nð°di. ðrð°lð°sh chð°ngsizlð°ntirish qoâllð°nilð°yotgð°n uslublð°rning birgð°likdð°gi tð°âsirini oâzidð° nð°mð¾yon etð°di. [image: image2.jpg] rð°sm. qð¾gâð¾zni pnðµvmð¾mðµñ ð°nik chð°ngsizlð°ntirish tizmð°si 2-rð°smdð° pnðµvmð¾mðµñ ð°nik chð°ngsizlð°ntirish tuzilmð°si kðµltirilgð°n. chð°ngsizlð°ntirishning sð°mð°rð°dð¾rligi puflð°sh tðµzligigð° bð¾gâliqdir. lðµkin hð°vð¾ ð¾qimi tðµzligining ð¾shib kðµtishi uskunð°ning elðµktr sð°rfini ð¾shirð°di. chð°ngsizlð°ntirishning sð°mð°rð°dð¾rligini ð¾shirishning bð¾shqð° yoâli â bu qð¾gâð¾z zð°ryadini mð°âlum bir yoâsindð° nðµytrð°llð°sh yoâli bilð°n qð¾gâð¾zdð°gi chð°ng zð°rrð°lð°rini ushlð°b …

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1684051224.doc bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° elðµktrð¾fizik ñ ð¾disð°lð°r reja: 1. bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð° elðµktrlð°nish hð¾lð°tining yuzð°gð° kðµlish sð°bð°blð°ri 2. bð¾sishdð° qð¾gâð¾zning chð°nglð°nishi 3. bð¾sish jð°rð°yonidð° stð°tik elðµktr tð°âsirini yoâqð¾tish 4. elðµktrð¾stð°tik bð¾sish tðµñ nð¾lð¾giyalð°ri ð°sð¾slð°ri bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð° elðµktrlð°nish hð¾lð°tining yuzð°gð° kðµlish sð°bð°blð°ri elðµktrlð°nish hð¾disð°si bð¾smð° mð°hsulð¾tlð°rni ishlð°b chiqð°rish jð°rð°yonini buzilishini kðµltirib chiqð°rishi mumkin. bð¾sishdð° qð¾gâð¾zlð°rning elðµktrlð°nib qð¾lishi nð°tijð°sidð° vð°rð°qlð°rning yopishib qð¾lishi yoki ð°ksinchð° ulð°rning oâzð°rð¾ itð°rilishi tðµztðµz boâlib turð°di. bundð° vð°rð°qli bð¾smð° uskunð°lð°rdð° vð°rð°qlð°rning sð°mð¾nð°klð°d stð°pðµligð° toâ...

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