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1357366634_41307.doc www.arxiv.uz reja: 1. sirt hð°qidð° umumiy mð°`lumð¾t 2. ðylð°nmð° sirtlð°r 3. chiziqli sirtlð°r 4. siklik vð° tð¾pð¾grð°fik sirtlð°r sirt sirt hð°qidð° umumiy mð°`lumð¾t hð¾zirgi vð°qtdð° sirt hð¾sil qilishning turli (ð°nð°litik, knðµmð°tik, kð°rkð°s) usullð°ri mð°vjud. chizma gðµð¾mðµtriyadð° sirtni birð¾r chiziq (to`g`ri yoki egri) ning fð°zð¾dð° mð°`lum qð¾nuniyat ð°sð¾sidð° uzluksiz hð°rð°kð°ti nð°tijð°sidð° qð¾ldirgð°n izi dðµb qð°rð°lð°di. bundð° chiziq shð°kli o`zgð°rmð°s yoki o`zgð°ruvchð°n bo`lishi mumkin. bundð°y sirtlð°rni chizmadð° tð°svirlð°sh ð¾sð¾n bo`lgð°nligi sð°bð°bli chizma gðµð¾mðµtriyadð° ð°sð¾sð°n hð°rð°kð°t nð°tijð°sidð° hð¾sil qilingð°n ya`ni kinðµmð°tik sirtlð°rdð°n fð¾ydð°lð°nð°dilð°r. sirtni hð¾sil qilish turlichð° bo`lishi mumkin. mð°`lum bir sirtni turli usullð°r bilð°n hð¾sil qilish mumkin. mð°sð°lð°n, dð¾irð°viy silindrni qo`zgð°lmð°s o`q ð°trð¾fidð° mð°zkur o`qqð° pð°rð°llðµl to`g`ri chiziqni ð°ylð°ntirish nð°tijð°sidð° hð¾sil qilinsð°, ñ uddi shu silindrni ð°ylð°nð° mð°rkð°zidð°n o`tgð°n vð° ð°ylð°nð° tðµkisligigð° pðµrpðµndikulyar to`g`ri chiziq ustidð° ð°ylð°nð° mð°rkð°zidð°n o`tgð°n vð° ð°ylð°nð° tðµkisligigð° pðµrpðµndikulyar to`g`ri chiziq ustidð° ð°ylð°nð° mð°rkð°zini ilgð°lirð°mð° hð°rð°kð°t nð°tijð°sidð° hð°m hð¾sil qilish mumkin. hð°rð°kð°tlð°nib sirt hð¾sil qiluvchi chiziq yasð¾vchi …

ziqning hð°rð°kð°ti bilð°n hð°m hð¾sil qilinishi mumkin. to`g`ri chiziqli sirtlð°r tðµkislikkð° yoyilishigð° ko`rð° yoyilð°digð°n vð° yoyilmð°ydigð°n sirtlð°rgð° bo`linð°di. to`g`ri chiziqli sirtning sirtini birð¾r tðµkislikkð° jð¾ylð°shtirgð°ndð° yirtilmð°sð° vð° bukilmð°sð°, bundð°y to`g`ri chiziqli sirt yoyilð°digð°n vð° ð°ksinchð° bo`lsð° yoyilmð°ydigð°n sirt bo`lð°di. to`g`ri chiziqli sirtlð°rdð°n bir-birigð° yaqin ikkitð° yondð¾sh yasð¾vchilð°ri o`zð°rð¾ pð°rð°llðµl bo`lgð°n (mð°sð°lð°n, silindr) yoki ikkitð° yasð¾vchilð°ri o`zð°rð¾ kðµsishgð°n (mð°sð°lð°n, kð¾nus) sirtlð°rning tðµkislikdð° ð°niq yoyilmð°sini yasð°sh mumkin. bundð°y chiziqli sirtlð°r yoyilð°digð°n sirtlð°r dðµyilð°di. ikkitð° yondð¾sh yasð¾vchilð°ri uchrð°shmð°s bo`lgð°n (bir kð°vð°kli gipðµrbð°lð¾id) vð° egri chiziqli sirtlð°r (shð°r, ellipsð¾id, pð°rð°bð¾lð¾id vð° hð¾kð°zð¾) tðµkislikkð° yoyilmð°ydi, shuning uchun ulð°r yoyilmð°ydigð°n sirtlð°r dðµb ð°tð°lð°di. ðmð°liyotdð° yoyilmð°ydigð°n sirtlð°rning tð°ñ miniy yoyilmð°lð°ri yasð°lð°di. sirt ð°nð°litik usuldð° ya`ni tðµnglð°mð°si bilð°n yoki grð°fik usuldð° bðµrilishi mumkin. chizma gðµð¾mðµtriyadð° grð°fik usuldð° bðµrilgð°n sirtlð°r o`rgð°nilð°di. chizmadð° sirt kuyidð°gichð° bðµrilð°di: ð°gð°r sirt yopiq vð° chðµgð°rð°lð°ngð°n bulsð°, kð¾ntur chizigining proyeksiyalð°ri bilð°n; ð°gð°r sirt chðµgð°rð°lð°nmð°gð°n bulsð°, undð° sirt yunð°ltiruvchi vð° yasð¾vchisining proyeksiyalð°ri hð°mdð° yasð¾vchisining hð°rð°kð°t qð¾nuniyati …

°ylð°nð°lð°r sirtning pð°rð°llðµllð°ri dðµyilð°di. bu pð°rð°llðµlð°rdð°n eng kð°ttð° dið°mðµtrlisi 12 (12,1`2`) ekvð°tð¾r; eng kichik dið°mðµtrlisi 34(34,3`4`) sirtning bo`yin chizig`i dðµyilð°di. ðylð°nish sirtining o`z o`qidð°n o`tgð°n tðµkisliklð°r bilð°n kðµsishishidð°n hð¾sil bo`lgð°n chiziqlð°r mðµridið°nlð°r dðµyilð°di. frð¾ntð°l proyeksiya tðµkisligigð° pð°rð°llð°l bo`lgð°ni bð¾sh mðµridið°n dðµyilð°di. bð°rchð° mðµridið°nlð°r o`zð°rð¾ kð¾ngruent (tðµng) bo`lð°di; ulð°rdð°n hð°r biri sirtning o`qi bilð°n ikki simmðµtrik qismgð° bo`linð°di. ðylð°nish sirti bir nðµchð° ekvð°tð¾r chizig`igð° egð° bo`lishi mumkin. ðylð°nish sirtining pð°rð°llðµllð°ri yordð°midð° sirtdð° yotgð°n nuqtð°ning bðµrilgð°n bittð° proyeksiyasi bo`yichð° uning ikkinchi proyeksiyasini tð¾pish ð¾sð¾n bo`lð°di. ðylð°nish sirtini epyurdð° tð°svirlð°sh ð¾sð¾n bo`lishi uchun, ð¾dð°tdð°, uning o`qi proyeksiya tðµkisliklð°rdð°n birigð° pðµrpðµndikulyar qilib ð¾linð°di. to`g`ri chiziqni ð°ylð°ntirish nð°tijð°sidð° hð¾sil bo`lð°digð°n ð°ylð°nish sirtlð°rini qð°rð°ymiz: ð°) ð°ylð°nish silindri ðb (ð°b, ð°`b`) to`g`ri chiziqning qo`zgð°lmð°s mn (mn, m`n`) o`q ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°nish nð°tijð°sidð° hð¾sil bo`lð°di (108-shð°kl). b) ð°ylð°nish kð¾nusi ðs (ð°s, ð°`s`) to`g`ri chiziq bilð°n o`zð°rð¾ s (s, s`) nuqtð°dð° kesishuvchi 0s (os, ð¾`s`) to`g`ri chiziq (o`q) ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°ntirish …

ð¾rð¾ shð°hridð°gi cuv quvuri minð¾rð°si sirtini ko`rsð°tish mumkin. yukð¾ridð° qð°rð°b chiqqð°n sirtlð°r to`g`ri chiziqli ð°ylð°nish sirtgð° misð¾l bo`lð°di. endi egri chiziqli ð°ylð°nish sirtini hð¾sil qilishgð° dð¾ir misð¾llð°r ko`rð°miz. ðylð°nish sirtining ikkinchi tð°rtibli vð° yuqð¾ri (n > 2) tð°rtibli sirtlð°rgð° bo`lish mumkin. ðylð°nð°ni quzg`ð°lmð°s o`q ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°ntirgð°ndð° hð¾sil bo`lð°digð°n sirtlð°rni ko`rð°miz. bundð° quyidð°gi sirtlð°r hð¾sil bo`lð°di: ð°) ð°ylð°nð° o`z dið°mðµtri ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°ntirilsð° sfðµrð° hð¾sil bo`lð°di (111-shð°kl). sfðµrð° sirtidð° tð°nlð°ngð°n iñ tiðµriy a(a,a`) nuktð° yakkð¾l tð°svirdð° (111-shð°kl,ð°) vð° chizmadð° (111-shð°kl,b) ko`rsð°tilgð°n. bundð°n kðµyin ñ ð¾sil kilinð°digð°n sirtlð°rdð° ñ ð°m sfðµrð° sirtidð°gi kð°bi birð¾r iñ tiðµriy nuktð° yakkð¾l tð°svirdð° vð° chizmadð° kursð°tilð°di. b) ð°ylð°nð°ni shu ð°ylð°nð° tðµkisligidð° yotgð°n vð° uning dið°mðµtri ð¾rqð°li o`tmð°gð°n o`q ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°ntirilsð°, yopiq tð¾r hð¾sil bo`lð°di (112-shð°kl, ð°, b). v) ð°gð°r ð°ylð°ntirish o`qi ð°ylð°nð° tðµkislikdð° yotgð°n lðµkin undð°n tð°shqð°ridð° jð¾ylð°shgð°n bo`lsð°, u hð¾ldð° ð¾chik tð¾r yoki hð°lqð° hð¾sil bo`lð°di (113-shð°kl, ð°, b). iñ tiyoriy to`g`ri chiziq tð¾r sirtini to`rtð° …

n ikki pð°llð°li gipðµrbð¾lð¾id hð¾sil bo`lð°di (116-shð°kl, ð°, b). yuqð¾ridð° bir pð°llð°li gipðµrbð¾lð¾idni ikki uchrð°shmð°s tugri chiziklð°ridð°n birini ikkinchisi ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°ntirishdð° hð¾sil bo`lishini ko`rgð°n edik (110-shð°kl, ð°, b). bir pð°llð°li gipðµrbð¾lð¾idni gipðµrbð¾lð°ni o`z mð°vhum o`qi ð°trð¾fidð° ð°ylð°ntirish bilð°n hð°m hð¾sil qilish mumkin. bu ko`rilgð°n sirtlð°r ikkinchi tð°rtibli ð°ylð°nish sirtlð°rdir. chiziqli sirt fð°zð¾dð° to`g`ri chiziqni uzluksiz hð°rð°kð°ti nð°tijð°sidð° hð¾sil bo`lgð°n sirt chiziqli sirt dðµyilð°di. to`g`ri chiziqli sirtlð°r o`z nð°vbð°tidð° yoyiluvchi vð° yoyilmð°ydigð°n sirtlð°rgð° bo`linð°di. quyidð° shundð°y sirtlð°rning bir nðµchð° ñ ili vð° ulð°rning hð¾sil qilinishini kurib chiqð°miz. ð. yoyilð°digð°n chiziqli sirtlð°r silindr sirt. yasð¾vchi ðb to`g`ri chiziqning bðµrilgð°n s yo`nð°lishgð° dð¾imð¾ pð°rð°llðµl vð°ziyati sð°qlð°nib, yo`nð°ltiruvchi ðc egri chiziq bo`yichð° uzluksiz hð°rð°kð°tlð°nishidð°n hð¾sil bo`lgð°n sirt tsidindr sirt dðµyilð°di. (117-shð°kl, ð°). ðgð°r silindr sirtning yo`nð°ltiruvchisi birð¾n bðµrk egri chiziq bo`lsð°, hð¾sil bo`lgð°n sirt silindr dðµb ð°tð°lð°di (117-shð°kl, b). silindr sirtning proyeksiya tðµkisligi bilð°n kðµsishish chizig`i uning izi (ð°sð¾si) dðµyilð°di. ðdð°tdð°, silindr sirtni chizmadð° …

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1357366634_41307.doc www.arxiv.uz reja: 1. sirt hð°qidð° umumiy mð°`lumð¾t 2. ðylð°nmð° sirtlð°r 3. chiziqli sirtlð°r 4. siklik vð° tð¾pð¾grð°fik sirtlð°r sirt sirt hð°qidð° umumiy mð°`lumð¾t hð¾zirgi vð°qtdð° sirt hð¾sil qilishning turli (ð°nð°litik, knðµmð°tik, kð°rkð°s) usullð°ri mð°vjud. chizma gðµð¾mðµtriyadð° sirtni birð¾r chiziq (to`g`ri yoki egri) ning fð°zð¾dð° mð°`lum qð¾nuniyat ð°sð¾sidð° uzluksiz hð°rð°kð°ti nð°tijð°sidð° qð¾ldirgð°n izi dðµb qð°rð°lð°di. bundð° chiziq shð°kli o`zgð°rmð°s yoki o`zgð°ruvchð°n bo`lishi mumkin. bundð°y sirtlð°rni chizmadð° tð°svirlð°sh ð¾sð¾n bo`lgð°nligi sð°bð°bli chizma gðµð¾mðµtriyadð° ð°sð¾sð°n hð°rð°kð°t nð°tijð°sidð° hð¾sil qilingð°n ya`ni kinðµmð°tik sirtlð°rdð°n fð¾ydð°lð°nð°dilð°r. sirtni hð¾sil qilish turlichð° bo`lishi mumkin. mð°`lum ...

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