cholera bacterium facts

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1)find out: at least 10-15 intereting and exact facts, statistics about cholera bacterium key facts · cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated. · researchers have estimated that each year there are 1.3 million to 4.0 million cases of cholera, and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths worldwide due to cholera (1). · up to 80% of cases can be successfully treated with oral rehydration solution (ors). · severe cases will need rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. · provision of safe water and sanitation is critical to control the transmission of cholera and other waterborne diseases. · safe oral cholera vaccines should be used in conjunction with improvements in water and sanitation to control cholera outbreaks and for prevention in areas known to be high risk for cholera. · a global strategy on cholera control with a target to reduce cholera …

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ad to death if left untreated. history during the 19th century, cholera spread across the world from its original reservoir in the ganges delta in india. six subsequent pandemics killed millions of people across all continents. the current (seventh) pandemic started in south asia in 1961, and reached africa in 1971 and the americas in 1991. cholera is now endemic in many countries. vibrio cholerae strains there are many serogroups of v. cholerae, but only two – o1 and o139 – cause outbreaks. v. cholerae o1 has caused all recent outbreaks. v. cholerae o139 – first identified in bangladesh in 1992 – caused outbreaks in the past, but recently has only been identified in sporadic cases. it has never been identified outside asia. there is no difference in the illness caused by the two serogroups. epidemiology, risk factors, and disease burden cholera can be endemic or epidemic. a cholera-endemic area …

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se the risk of cholera transmission, should the bacteria be present or introduced. uninfected dead bodies have never been reported as the source of epidemics. the number of cholera cases reported to who has continued to be high over the last few years. during 2017,1 227 391 cases were notified from 34 countries, including 5654 deaths (3). the discrepancy between these figures and the estimated burden of the disease is since many cases are not recorded due to limitations in surveillance systems and fear of impact on trade and tourism. prevention and control a multifaceted approach is key to control cholera, and to reduce deaths. a combination of surveillance, water, sanitation and hygiene, social mobilisation, treatment, and oral cholera vaccines are used. surveillance cholera surveillance should be part of an integrated disease surveillance system that includes feedback at the local level and information-sharing at the global level. cholera cases are …

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nitation interventions the long-term solution for cholera control lies in economic development and universal access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation. actions targeting environmental conditions include the iimplementation of adapted long-term sustainable wash solutions to ensure use of safe water, basic sanitation and good hygiene practices in cholera hotspots. in addition to cholera, such interventions prevent a wide range of other water-borne illnesses, as well as contributing to achieving goals related to poverty, malnutrition, and education. the wash solutions for cholera are aligned with those of the sustainable development goals (sdg 6). treatment cholera is an easily treatable disease. the majority of people can be treated successfully through prompt administration of oral rehydration solution (ors). the who/unicef ors standard sachet is dissolved in 1 litre (l) of clean water. adult patients may require up to 6 l of ors to treat moderate dehydration on the first day. severely dehydrated …

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ene promotion and social mobilisation health education campaigns, adapted to local culture and beliefs, should promote the adoption of appropriate hygiene practices such as hand-washing with soap, safe preparation and storage of food and safe disposal of the faeces of children. funeral practices for individuals who die from cholera must be adapted to prevent infection among attendees. further, awareness campaigns should be organised during outbreaks, and information should be provided to the community about the potential risks and symptoms of cholera, precautions to take to avoid cholera, when and where to report cases and to seek immediate treatment when symptoms appear. the location of appropriate treatment sites should also be shared. community engagement is key to long term changes in behaviour and to the control of cholera. oral cholera vaccines currently there are three who pre-qualified oral cholera vaccines (ocv): dukoral®, shanchol™, and euvichol-plus®. all three vaccines require two doses …

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1)find out: at least 10-15 intereting and exact facts, statistics about cholera bacterium key facts · cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated. · researchers have estimated that each year there are 1.3 million to 4.0 million cases of cholera, and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths worldwide due to cholera (1). · up to 80% of cases can be successfully treated with oral rehydration solution (ors). · severe cases will need rapid treatment with intravenous fluids and antibiotics. · provision of safe water and sanitation is critical to control the transmission of cholera and other waterborne diseases. · safe oral cholera vaccines should be used in conjunction with improvements in water and …

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