principles of clinical examination of a patient

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principles of clinical examination of a patient (diagram). general concept: basic methods of laboratory diagnostics, functional research methods, instrumental (structural) diagnostic methods. preparing patients for research. principles of clinical examination of a patient (diagram). general concept: basic methods of laboratory diagnostics, functional research methods, instrumental (structural) diagnostic methods. preparing patients for research. thematic plan: 1. subjective method – general concept and examination algorithm. 2. objective method - general concept and examination algorithm. 3. preparation of patients. procedures for collecting, storing and sending biological material (blood, urine, feces, sputum, etc.) for laboratory testing for the purpose of making a diagnosis. 4. the procedure and rules for preparing a patient for ultrasound, endoscopic and x-ray examination. principles of clinical examination of a patient (diagram). subjective method – general concept and examination algorithm. 1. general information (passport section) -surname, first name, patronymic (further, when addressing the patient, you should call him by his …

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id the disease begin? - what does he associate his illness with (possible causes of its occurrence) - when did the patient first consult a doctor? what was the treatment (if possible), what was the effectiveness? - how did the disease progress? if the patient was treated in a hospital, then find out in chronological order the frequency and duration of stay. the anamnesis should reflect the results of the studies conducted by the patient, as told to him, or available extracts from the medical history, outpatient card. - when and under what conditions did the current deterioration occur (if the process is chronic). - how was hospitalization carried out (emergency or planned). subjective method – general concept and examination algorithm. 4. patient's life history (anamnesis vitae). life history is a medical biography of the patient for the main periods of life. where and how many children were born, age, …

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its: smoking (length of smoking history, number of cigarettes smoked per day); alcohol consumption (to identify abuse, you need to ask the following questions: -have you ever felt like you needed to cut down on your alcohol consumption? -have you ever felt irritated if someone around you told you that you needed to cut down on your alcohol consumption? -have you ever felt guilty about drinking alcohol?-have you ever felt like drinking the morning after an episode of drinking. questions alone are not enough to identify drug addiction. examination of the most common injection sites for drugs is especially important. heredity. the death of parents at a relatively young age (coronary heart disease, stroke) is of great importance, as is the presence of the following diseases in relatives: arterial hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, alcoholism, tuberculosis, mental disorders, malignant tumors. information about living conditions. housing and living conditions (presence of dampness, humidity, …

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red, icteric, cyanotic, earthy, dark brown, bronze (specify location). pigmentation. skin turgor - normal, decreased. degree of moisture - normal, increased; dry; peeling. presence of rash, localization - spots, papules, vesicles, roseola, petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis, blisters, pustules (it is necessary to differentiate hemorrhagic rash - does not disappear with pressure, unlike inflammatory elements). erosions, scabs, ulcers, spider veins, xanthomas and xanthelasmas. scars - localization, mobility. external tumors, hernias, tumor-like protrusions, angiomas. nails: brittle, deformed, "watch glass". hair: hair type (male, female); alopecia, hirsutism. subcutaneous fat: degree of development (moderate, weak, excessive), type of obesity (abdominal, visceral). weight loss. cachexia. edema: general (anasarca), local (localized on the extremities, face, eyelids, abdomen, lower back); severity (pasty), density. objective method - general concept and examination algorithm. lymph nodes: palpation of the occipital, parotid, submandibular, submental, cervical, supraclavicular and subclavian, thoracic, elbow, axillary and inguinal nodes). size (pea, nut, egg, fist, etc.); shape (oval, …

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terphalangeal and terminal phalanges ("drumsticks"), fingers. objective method - general concept and examination algorithm. joints: examination – configuration (deformation), swelling, hyperemia of the skin over the joints, movements (active, passive). palpation (change in local temperature, soreness, condition of the skin over the joint; noises during movements (crunching, clicking, fluctuation). range of motion in the joints (active, passive): limited mobility, contracture. change in the circumference of the joints. objective method - general concept and examination algorithm. respiratory organs. palpation of the chest: symmetry or asymmetry of chest movements during breathing; soreness, resistance, swelling of the skin (indicating the localization); pleural friction rub. vocal fremitus (increased, weakened - indicate the localization). percussion of the lungs. comparative percussion (at symmetrical points of the chest), sound - clear pulmonary, dull, dull, boxed, tympanic - indicate the localization. topographic percussion (definition of the lung boundaries): the height of the apex; determination of the lower boundaries …

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principles of clinical examination of a patient (diagram). general concept: basic methods of laboratory diagnostics, functional research methods, instrumental (structural) diagnostic methods. preparing patients for research. principles of clinical examination of a patient (diagram). general concept: basic methods of laboratory diagnostics, functional research methods, instrumental (structural) diagnostic methods. preparing patients for research. thematic plan: 1. subjective method – general concept and examination algorithm. 2. objective method - general concept and examination algorithm. 3. preparation of patients. procedures for collecting, storing and sending biological material (blood, urine, feces, sputum, etc.) for laboratory testing for the purpose of making a diagnosis. 4. the proc...

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