bozor muvozanati, maksimal va minimal narxlar

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4-mavzu. bozor muvozanati, maksimal va minimal narxlar 4.1. bozor muvozanati va muvozanatli narx har qanday bozorda narx, xarid va sotuvlar hajmi talab va taklifning o`zaro munosabati orqali o`rnatiladi. buni 4.1-jadval orqali ko`rib chiqamiz. 4.1-jadval guruchga bo`lgan talab va taklif parametrlari narx, so`m/kg talab hajmi (qd), tonna taklif hajmi (qs), tonna farqi, tonna narxdagi o`zgarish 3200 210 190 20 oshadi 3400 200 200 - muvozanatda 3600 190 210 20 pasayadi manba: shartli raqamlar yuqoridagi 4.1-jadvalda keltirilgan ma′lumotlar shuni ko`rsatadiki, arzon narxlarda talab hajmi taklif hajmidan ortiq bo`ladi. masalan, bir kg guruchning narxi 3200 so`m bo`lganda talab hajmi 210, taklif hajmi esa 190 tonnaga teng. bu narxda iste′molchilar sotuvchilar taklif qilganidan ko`proq guruch sotib olishni xohlashadi. talab hajmining taklif hajmidan oshishi (20 tonnaga) guruchga bo`lgan ortiqcha talabning vujudga kelishiga sabab bo`ladi. agar narx bir kg uchun 3200 so`m darajasida qat′iy ushlab turilganda, bozorda guruch tanqisligi vujudga kelgan bo`lardi. iste′molchilar o`zlari xohlagan miqdordagi …

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- bu tizimning shunday holatiki, agar unga birorta tashqi kuch ta′sir ko`rsatmasa, u o`zining holatini saqlab qoladi. talab va taklif modelida talab chizig`i (d) bilan taklif chizig`i (s) kesishgan nuqta (e nuqta) bozor muvozanatini bildiradi. demak, bozor muvozanati talab hajmi bilan taklif hajmining tengligini ta′minlaydigan narx darajasi va tovar miqdori bilan aniqlanadi. talab va taklif qonuniga tayanib shuni ta′kidlash mumkinki, berilgan vaqt oralig`ida bozor muvozanat holatida bo`lsa, u holda bu vaqt davomida tovar narxi yoki tovar miqdorini o`zgartirishga hech narsa sabab bo`lmaydi. keltirilgan ma′lumotlar (4.1-jadval) asosida bozor muvozanati grafigini hosil qilamiz (4.1-rasm). p s ortiqcha taklif (20 t.) d 3600 3400 e 3200 taqchillik (20 t.) q 210 200 190 4.1-rasm. bozor muvozanati va undan chetlanishlar talab va taklifni grafik (4.1-rasm) yordamida tahlil etish quyidagi xulosalarni chiqarishga yordam beradi. muvozanatli narxdan (3400 so`m/kg.) yuqori bo`lgan har qanday narxda ortiqcha taklif hajmi sotuvchilarning turib qolgan tovarni tezroq sotish uchun raqobatlashishiga va …

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arxda qe = qs = qd bu yerda: qe – muvozanatli hajm; qs – taklif hajmi; qd – talab hajmi. 2. talab va taklifdagi o`zgarishlarning bozor muvozanatiga ta′siri oldingi mavzuda ta′kidlaganimizdek, talab va taklif tovarning o`z narxi yoki boshqa omillar ta′sirida o`zgarishi mumkin. dastlab taklif hajmini o`zgarmas (const.) deb qabul qilgan holda talabdagi o`zgarishlarning bozor muvozanatiga ta′sirini ko`rib chiqamiz. faraz qilaylik, talab hajmi oshdi. bu bozor narxi hamda muvozanatiga qanday ta′sir ko`rsatadi? taklif o`zgarmagan holatda talabning oshishi, tovar narxi va talab hajmining oshishiga olib keladi. bunda talab chizig`i (d) o`ngga va yuqoriga surilib (d′ holatiga), talab va taklif chiziqlarining yangi kesishish muvozanat nuqtasi dastlabki holatidan (e nuqtadan) yuqorida (é nuqtada) joylashadi (4.2-rasm). d́ d s é ṕe e pe q q́e qe 4.2-rasm. talab oshishining bozor muvozanatiga ta′siri endi taklifni o`zgarmas deb qabul qilganda, talab kamayishining bozor muvozanatiga ta′sirini ko`rib chiqamiz. talabning kamayishi narxning pasayishiga va talab hajmining qisqarishiga olib …

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à îlib kålàdi. bundày holatda taklif chizig`i (s) chapgà va yuqoriga surilib (ś holatiga), talab va tàklif chiziqlàrining yangi kåsishish muvîzànàt nuqtàsi dastlabki hîlàtidàn (e nuqtadan) yuqoridà (é nuqtada) jîylàshàdi (4.5-rasm). p ś d s d2 d d1 s p file_56.unknown thumbnail_56.wmf file_57.unknown thumbnail_57.wmf e file_58.unknown thumbnail_58.wmf pe file_59.unknown thumbnail_59.wmf file_60.unknown thumbnail_60.wmf file_61.unknown thumbnail_61.wmf q file_62.unknown thumbnail_62.wmf s2 s1 d s p file_63.unknown thumbnail_63.wmf file_64.unknown thumbnail_64.wmf e file_65.unknown thumbnail_65.wmf pe file_66.unknown thumbnail_66.wmf file_67.unknown thumbnail_67.wmf file_68.unknown thumbnail_68.wmf q file_69.unknown thumbnail_69.wmf file_70.unknown thumbnail_70.wmf file_71.unknown thumbnail_71.wmf file_72.unknown thumbnail_72.wmf file_73.unknown thumbnail_73.wmf file_74.unknown thumbnail_74.wmf file_75.unknown thumbnail_75.wmf file_76.unknown thumbnail_76.wmf file_77.unknown thumbnail_77.wmf file_78.unknown thumbnail_78.wmf file_79.unknown thumbnail_79.wmf file_80.unknown thumbnail_80.wmf file_81.unknown thumbnail_81.wmf file_82.unknown thumbnail_82.wmf file_83.unknown thumbnail_83.wmf d2 d d1 s p file_84.unknown thumbnail_84.wmf file_85.unknown thumbnail_85.wmf e file_86.unknown thumbnail_86.wmf pe file_87.unknown thumbnail_87.wmf file_88.unknown thumbnail_88.wmf file_89.unknown thumbnail_89.wmf q file_90.unknown thumbnail_90.wmf s2 s1 d s p file_91.unknown thumbnail_91.wmf file_92.unknown thumbnail_92.wmf e file_93.unknown thumbnail_93.wmf pe file_94.unknown thumbnail_94.wmf file_95.unknown thumbnail_95.wmf file_96.unknown thumbnail_96.wmf q file_97.unknown …

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4-mavzu. bozor muvozanati, maksimal va minimal narxlar 4.1. bozor muvozanati va muvozanatli narx har qanday bozorda narx, xarid va sotuvlar hajmi talab va taklifning o`zaro munosabati orqali o`rnatiladi. buni 4.1-jadval orqali ko`rib chiqamiz. 4.1-jadval guruchga bo`lgan talab va taklif parametrlari narx, so`m/kg talab hajmi (qd), tonna taklif hajmi (qs), tonna farqi, tonna narxdagi o`zgarish 3200 210 190 20 oshadi 3400 200 200 - muvozanatda 3600 190 210 20 pasayadi manba: shartli raqamlar yuqoridagi 4.1-jadvalda keltirilgan ma′lumotlar shuni ko`rsatadiki, arzon narxlarda talab hajmi taklif hajmidan ortiq bo`ladi. masalan, bir kg guruchning narxi 3200 so`m bo`lganda talab hajmi 210, taklif hajmi esa 190 tonnaga teng. bu narxda iste′molchilar sotuvchilar taklif qilganidan ko`proq guruch sot...

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