perevarivanie belkov

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powerpoint presentation perevarivanie belkov. diagnosticheskoe znachenie bioximicheskogo analiza jeludochnogo i duodenalnogo soka. funktsii belkov strukturnaya, kataliticheskaya, regulyatornaya retseptornaya, immunologicheskaya, zashitnaya, transportnaya, sokratitelnaya, dixatelnaya obezvrejivayushaya, gennoregulyatornaya, sozdanie biopotentsialov membran, gomeostaticheskaya, individualnoe stroenie organov, obespechivayut xoroshee zrenie. energeticheskaya, belkoviy obmen v organizme cheloveka soderjitsya okolo 15 kg belkov. kolichestvo svobodnix amk primerno 35 g. amk i belki soderjat 95 % vsego azota v organizme. klassifikatsiya aminokislot po zamenimosti zamenimie, nezamenimie (val, ile, ley, liz, met, tre, tri, fen) , chastichno zamenimie (arg, gis), uslovno zamenimie (tsis, tir). azotistiy balans – raznost mejdu obshim kolichestvom azota, postupivshim v organizm cheloveka i kolichestvom ekskretiruemogo azota. azotistoe ravnovesie nablyudaetsya u vzroslogo zdorovogo cheloveka. pri etom kolichestvo sinteziruemogo belka, ravno kolichestvu ekskretiruemogo. polojitelniy azotistiy balans u detey, beremennix, vizdoravlivayushix, vvedenii anabolikov. pri etom sintez belka preobladaet nad raspadom. otritsatelniy azotistiy balans pri golodanii, starenii, istoshayushix zabolevaniyax, rake. izbitok i nedostatok belka pri nedostatochnom postuplenii belka razvivaetsya …

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apusta yabloki vishnya morkov psheno svekla 1,5 – 2 1,1 – 1,6 0,3 – 0,4 1 – 1,1 0,8 – 1,6 10 1,6 na potrebnost v belke vliyayut klimaticheskie usloviya, xarakter trudovoy deyatelnosti, vozrast, fiziologicheskoe sostoyanie organizma, stressi, nalichie zabolevaniy. belkoviy minimum 30-50 g v sutki takoe kolichestvo belka neobxodimo dlya podderjaniya azotistogo ravnovesiya. daje pri polnom isklyuchenii iz dieti vsex belkov s mochoy vivoditsya 4 g azota v sutki, to est 25 g belka. sledovatelno, pri belkovom golodanii organizm ejesutochno rasxoduet primerno 25 g belkov sobstvennix tkaney. biologicheskaya tsennost belkov opredelyaetsya sbalansirovannostyu amk sostava, atakuemostyu belkov fermentami pishevaritelnogo trakta (dostupnostyu amk). ogranichennaya vsasivaemost amk rastitelnoy pishi svyazana s visokim soderjaniem v ney volokon, nalichiem spetsificheskix ingibitorov pishevaritelnix fermentov esli eti ingibitori ne inaktivirovani goryachey obrabotkoy pishi (soya, gorox). idealniy belok 100% biologicheskaya tsennost, 100% usvoenie v jkt. k idealnim belkam mojno otnesti belok jenskogo moloka, belok tselnogo kurinogo yaytsa. …

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ravleniyax, neproxodimosti pishevoda, tyajyolix rakovix porajeniyax pishevoda i jeludka. perevarivanie belkov v rotovoy polosti net perevarivaniya belkov, perevarivaniya belkov, nachinaetsya v jeludke. jeludochniy sok 95% - voda, 0,5% organicheskie veshestva, 2,5 litra. sostav jeludochnogo soka pepsin (7 izofermentov), solyanaya kislota, gastrin (gormon, stimuliruyushiy jeludochnuyu sekretsiyu), lizotsim (virabativaetsya poverxnostyu epiteliya jeludka), sliz (glikoproteini) nesyot zashitnuyu funktsiyu, vnutrenniy faktor kastla. pepsin obrazuetsya putyom ogranichennogo proteoliza: + pepsinogen(40400) 42 amk pepsin(32700), peptidilgidrolaza, rn optimum 1,5 – 2, gidrolizuet peptidnie svyazi s uchastiem nh2 gruppi aromaticheskoy amk. hcl solyanaya kislota sozdayot rn 1,5-2 u vzroslogo, rn 5-6 – u novorojdennix. rol solyanoy kisloti vizivaet denaturatsiyu, nabuxanie belka, aktivatsiya pepsinogena, sozdayot optimum rn dlya pepsina, bakteritsidnoe deystvie, nujna dlya vsasivaniya jeleza, stimuliruet rabotu vnutrennego faktora kastla, stimuliruet rabotu sekretina. obshaya kislotnost jeludochnogo soka - sovokupnost vsex kislotoreagiruyushix veshestv jeludochnogo soka. svyazannaya solyanaya kislota - solyanaya kislota, svyazannaya s belkami i produktami ix perevarivaniya. svobodnaya solyanaya …

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uropepsin). gastriksin - optimum rn 3,2 -3,5. pepsin v (jelatinaza) rassheplyaet belki soedinitelnoy tkani. rennin (pepsin d, ximozin) rassheplyaet kazein moloka v prisutstvii ionov kaltsiya. pepsinogen aktiviruetsya dvumya sposobami solyanoy kislotoy – medlenno, autokataliticheski –bistro, uje imeyushimsya pepsinom. gipoxlorgidriya – snijenie kontsentratsii solyanoy kisloti v jeludochnom soke. axlorgidriya – otsutstvie solyanoy kisloti v jeludochnom soke. giperxlorgidriya – povishenie kontsentratsii solyanoy kisloti v jeludochnom soke. pankreaticheskiy sok 0,8 l, 1,2% sostavlyaet suxoy ostatok, rn 7,5 – 8,2. fermenti pankreaticheskogo soka tripsin, ximotripsin, elastaza, karboksipeptidaza. pishevaritelnie proteoliticheskie fermenti virabativayutsya v neaktivnom sostoyanii preduprejdenie perevarivaniya organov, preduprejdenie perevarivaniya fermentov. gruppovaya spetsifichnost fermentov podjeludochnoy jelezi tripsin gidrolizuet peptidnie svyazi, v obrazovanii kotorix prinimayut uchastie soon-gruppi liz i arg. ximotripsin gidrolizuet peptidnie svyazi, v obrazovanii kotorix uchastvuyut soon-gruppi aromaticheskix amk. aktivatsiya fermentov pankreaticheskogo soka jelchyu tripsin + tripsinogen enterokinaza elastaza proelastaza + tripsin ximotripsinogen + tripsin ximotripsin kishechniy sok aminopeptidazi, dipeptidazi, enterokinaza. mesto sinteza profermentov …

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em energii. γ-glutamilniy tsikl amk + glutation yo glutamilamk + tsistinilglitsin γ-gtp kataliziruet perenos glutamilnogo ostatka glutationa na amk. perenos 1 molekuli amk soprovojdaetsya potreblenie 1 molekuli glutationa. γ-gtp sudba vsosavshixsya amk vsasivaemie amk popadayut v portalniy krovotok, a zatem v obshiy krovotok. osobenno intensivno amk pogloshayut pechen i pochki. tkan mozga izbiratelno bistro pogloshaet met, gli, gis, arg, glutamin, tir, a ley, liz, pro pogloshayutsya etoy tkanyu medlenno. vsasivanie produktov raspada belkov idyot putyom aktivnogo transporta (s ionami natriya) amk v krov, esli belok vsasivaetsya neperevarennim, to k etomu belku – allergiya. spetsificheskie transportnie sistemi sushestvuyut dlya neytralnix amk s nebolshoy bokovoy tsepyu, neytralnix amk s ob'yomnoy bokovoy tsepyu, osnovnix amk, kislix amk, prolina. gnienie belkov 5% belka ne perevarivaetsya, a idyot v tolstiy kishechnik, gde mikrofloroy rassheplyaetsya do amk. gnienie belkov – raspad amk, v tolstoy kishke pod deystviem fermentov bakteriy. dekarboksilirovanie aminokislot lizin kadaverin ornitin putrestsin obezvrejivanie …

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powerpoint presentation perevarivanie belkov. diagnosticheskoe znachenie bioximicheskogo analiza jeludochnogo i duodenalnogo soka. funktsii belkov strukturnaya, kataliticheskaya, regulyatornaya retseptornaya, immunologicheskaya, zashitnaya, transportnaya, sokratitelnaya, dixatelnaya obezvrejivayushaya, gennoregulyatornaya, sozdanie biopotentsialov membran, gomeostaticheskaya, individualnoe stroenie organov, obespechivayut xoroshee zrenie. energeticheskaya, belkoviy obmen v organizme cheloveka soderjitsya okolo 15 kg belkov. kolichestvo svobodnix amk primerno 35 g. amk i belki soderjat 95 % vsego azota v organizme. klassifikatsiya aminokislot po zamenimosti zamenimie, nezamenimie (val, ile, ley, liz, met, tre, tri, fen) , chastichno zamenimie (arg, gis), uslovno zamenimie (tsis, tir). azoti...

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