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slayd 1 chugun chugun – eto jelezouglerodistiy splav s soderjaniem ugleroda >2,14 % i primesyami v desyatix dolyax protsentov. krome togo, v chugune soderjatsya primesi v desyatix dolyax : kremniy, marganets, sera, fosfor i dr. s tselyu uluchsheniya svoystv v chuguni mogut vvoditsya legiruyushie elementi, takie kak xrom, nikel, med i dr. vidi chuguna seriy chugun beliy chugun kovkiy chugun visokoprochniy chugun polovinchatiy chugun seriy chugun seriy chugun eto splav jeleza, kremniya (ot 1,2- 3,5 %) i ugleroda, soderjashiy takje postoyannie primesi mn, p, s. v strukture takix chugunov bolshaya chast ili ves uglerod naxoditsya v vide grafita plastinchatoy formi. izlom takogo chuguna iz-za nalichiya grafita imeet seriy tsvet. primenyaetsya seriy chugun dlya izgotovleniya slabonagrujennix detaley, rabotayushix v legkix usloviyax. naprimer, korpusa reduktorov, nasosov, elektrodvigateley, razlichnie krishki, otopitelnie batarei i t.p. beliy chugun beliy chugun - eto chugun, u kotorogo uglerod ximicheski soedinen s jelezom. uglerod v belom chugune naxoditsya …

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it, kotoriy obrazuetsya v protsesse kristallizatsii. sharovidniy grafit oslablyaet metallicheskuyu osnovu ne tak silno kak plastinchatiy, i ne yavlyaetsya kontsentratorom napryajeniy. v polovinchatom chugune chast ugleroda (bolee 0,8 %) soderjitsya v vide tsementita. strukturnie sostavlyayushie takogo chuguna — perlit, ledeburit i plastinchatiy grafit. visokoprochniy chugun, polovinchatiy chugun chugun shiroko ispolzuetsya pri proizvodstve izdeliy razlichnogo naznacheniya. glavnie kachestva chuguna – deshevizna, xoroshie liteynie kachestva, prochnost i tvyordost. chugun ispolzuetsya tam, gde neobxodimo poluchit detali slojnoy formi i dostatochnoy prochnosti. naprimer – stanini stankov, korpusnie detali ili xudojestvennie chugunnie ogradi. vsem xorosho izvestni xudojestvennie ukrasheniya naberejnix sankt-peterburga, vipolnennie iz chugunnogo litya. ne menee krasivo oformleni ajurnie litie vorota zimnego dvortsa, a takje drugie pamyatniki. oblast primeneniya chuguna v avtomobilnoy promishlennosti iz chuguna poluchayut bloki tsilindrov dvigateley vnutrennego sgoraniya (na sovremennom proizvodstve ispolzuyut chugun s vermikulyarnim grafitom), a takje kolenchatie vali dizelnix dvigateley. chugun shiroko ispolzuetsya v santexnicheskom oborudovanii – iz chuguna delayut …

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slayd 1 chugun chugun – eto jelezouglerodistiy splav s soderjaniem ugleroda >2,14 % i primesyami v desyatix dolyax protsentov. krome togo, v chugune soderjatsya primesi v desyatix dolyax : kremniy, marganets, sera, fosfor i dr. s tselyu uluchsheniya svoystv v chuguni mogut vvoditsya legiruyushie elementi, takie kak xrom, nikel, med i dr. vidi chuguna seriy chugun beliy chugun kovkiy chugun visokoprochniy chugun polovinchatiy chugun seriy chugun seriy chugun eto splav jeleza, kremniya (ot 1,2- 3,5 %) i ugleroda, soderjashiy takje postoyannie primesi mn, p, s. v strukture takix chugunov bolshaya chast ili ves uglerod naxoditsya v vide grafita plastinchatoy formi. izlom takogo chuguna iz-za nalichiya grafita imeet seriy tsvet. primenyaetsya seriy chugun dlya izgotovleniya slabonagrujennix det...

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