classification of words: synonyms, antonyms and homonyms

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the republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher education, science and innovation bukhara state university foreign languages faculty english linguistics department course paper of the student of group 11˗1tna 21 yusupova madinabonu on the topic “classification of words: synonyms, antonyms and homonyms” 60230200-theory and practice of translation (english) scientific supervisor: yuldasheva f.e. bukhara -2024 content: 31. word as a main object of lexicology 72. classification of words from semantic point of view 133. general features of synonyms and their meaning 184. lexico-semantic characteristics of antonyms 245. classification of homonyms of the english language 29conclusion 31the list of used literature 1. word as a main object of lexicology words are the central elements of language system. the definition of a word is one of the most difficult in linguistics because the simplest word has many different aspects. it has a sound form and morphological structure; when used in actual speech, it may …

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hat they are all units of the language, their difference lies in the fact that the phoneme is not significant, and a morpheme cannot be used as a complete utterance. lexicology is a part of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of a language and the properties of words as the main units of the language. it also studies all kinds of semantic grouping and semantic relations: synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, semantic fields, etc. in this connection, the term vocabulary is used to denote a system formed by the sum total of all the words and word equivalents that the language possesses . the term word denotes the basic unit of a given language resulting from the association of a particular meaning with a particular group of sounds capable of a particular grammatical employment. a word therefore is at the same time a semantic, grammatical and phonological unit. so, the subject-matter of …

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ese two aspects. these structures are identified and distinguished by contrasting the nature and arrangement of their elements . as every word is a unity of semantic, phonetic and grammatical elements, the word is studied not only in lexicology, but in other branches of linguistics, too, lexicology being closely connected with general linguistics, the history of the language, phonetics, stylistics, and grammar. according to s. ullmann, lexicology forms next to phonology, the second basic division of linguistic science (the third is syntax) [2]. consequently, the interaction between vocabulary and grammar is evident in morphology and syntax. grammar reflects the specific lexical meaning and the capacity of words to be combined in human actual speech. the lexical meaning of the word, in its turn, is frequently signaled by the grammatical context in which it occurs. thus, morphological indicators help to differentiate the variant meanings of the word (e.g., plural forms that …

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y their spelling; 2) phonological words – distinguished from each other by their pronunciation; 3) word-forms which are grammatical variants; 4) words as items of meaning, the headwords of dictionary entries, called lexemes. a lexeme is a group of words united by the common lexical meaning, but having different grammatical forms. the base forms of such words, represented either by one orthographic word or a sequence of words called multi-word lexemes which have to be considered as single lexemes (e.g. phrasal verbs, some compounds) may be termed citation forms of lexemes (sing, talk, head etc), from which other word forms are considered to be derived. semantics (from ancient greek σημαντικός (sēmantikós) 'significant') is the study of reference, meaning, or truth. the term can be used to refer to subfields of several distinct disciplines, including philosophy, linguistics and computer science. in linguistics, semantics is the subfield that studies meaning. semantics can …

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hich language is traditionally divided. in linguistics, it is typical to talk in terms of "interfaces" regarding such interactions between modules or levels. for semantics, the most crucial interfaces are considered those with syntax (the syntax–semantics interface), pragmatics, and phonology (regarding prosody and intonation). 2. classification of words from semantic point of view semantic classification of words. semantic similarity or polarity of words mb observed in the similarity of their denotational or connotational mean. similarity or polarity of the denotational component of lex mean is to be found in lex groups of synonyms & antonyms. synonymy & antonymy are usually felt to be correlative notions: firstly b/c the criterion of synonymy is semantic similarity which is in exact opposition to the criterion of antonymy – semantic polarity. secondly, b/c synonymy & antonymy seem to overlap in a number of cases (daddy-parent denotational mean is similar but their styl reference is …

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the republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher education, science and innovation bukhara state university foreign languages faculty english linguistics department course paper of the student of group 11˗1tna 21 yusupova madinabonu on the topic “classification of words: synonyms, antonyms and homonyms” 60230200-theory and practice of translation (english) scientific supervisor: yuldasheva f.e. bukhara -2024 content: 31. word as a main object of lexicology 72. classification of words from semantic point of view 133. general features of synonyms and their meaning 184. lexico-semantic characteristics of antonyms 245. classification of homonyms of the english language 29conclusion 31the list of used literature 1. word as a main object of lexicology words are the central elements of language syst...

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