comparative analysis of the morphological systems of english and uzbek

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1451618513_62783.doc comparative analysis of the morphological systems of english and uzbek plan: · morphological structure of words · parts of speech word is usually characterised as the smallest naming unit consisting of a definite number of sounds and denoting a definite lexical meaning and expressing definite grammatical categories. it usually is a subject-matter of morphology, which studies the form and structure of the word. it is well known that the morphological system of the language reveals its properties through the morphemic structure of words. as a part of the grammatical theory morphology faces two segmental units of the language: the morpheme and the word. morpheme is known as the smallest meaningful unit of the language into which a word may be divided. e.g. in the word writ-er-s the root morpheme write expresses the lexical meaning of the word, lexical morpheme -er showes the doer of the action denoted by the …

unlike the word a morpheme is not an autonomous body (unit) and can occur in speech only as a constituent part of the word. it cannot be segmented into smaller units without losing its constitutive essence. the morphemes can be divided into root (free) morphemes and affixal (bound) morphemes (affixes). a form is said to be free if tit may stand alone without changing its meaning; if not it is a bound form, as it always bound to something else. e.g: in the words sportive, elegant morphemes sport, elegant may occur alone as utterances, but the forms -ive, -ant, eleg- cannot be used alone without the root morphemes. the morphemes may be classified in two ways: a) from the semantic point of view, and b) from the structural point of view. semantically morphemes fall into two classes : the root morphemes and non-root (affixational) morphemes. the root morphemes is the …

the doer of the action. the roots of the notional words are classical lexical morphemes. the affixal (derivational) morphemes include prefixes, suffixes and inflexions (grammatical suffixes). prefixes and lexical suffixes have word building functions. together with the root they form the stem of the word. prefixes precede the root morpheme (im-personal, un-known, re-write), suffixes follow it (e.g: friend-ship, activ-ize, readi-ness, дыст-лик, фаол-лаш-тир-моқ, тайёр-лик). inflexions (word-forming suffixes express different morphological categories. structurally morphemes fall under three types: a) free morphemes, b)bound morphemes, c) semi-bound morphemes. a free morpheme is the stem of the word, a great many free morphemes are root morphemes. (e.g.: london-er, spotrs-man-ship). a bound morpheme occurs as a constituent part of the word. affixes are naturally, bound morphemes for they are always make a part of the word.(e.g.: -ness, -ship, -dom, dis-, pre-, un-; -чи, паз, -дон, бе-, сер-, но-) some root morphemes also belong to the class …

refix; ‘look out, shut out, time-out’ words in which ‘out’ is a suffix; the abstract complete model of the english word is as follows: ‘prefix-root-lexical suffix-grammatical suffix’ (or ‘pr-rt-ls-grs). e.g.: un-import-ant-ness, out-look-er-s the model of modern uzbek word can be drawn similarly to the english one, i.e. ‘pr-rt-lxs-grs’ , e.g.: бад-жащл-лиг(к)-инг-из-дан-дир, но-умид-лик-нинг’. but it should be kept in mind that the use of prefixes is not native for the uzbek language, as the prefixes in this language is borrow mostly from persian or arabic languages. but being a representative of agglutinative (turkic) languages uzbek has a peculiarity of its own that makes it unsimilar to english. unlike english in uzbek the root of the word can be followed by a number of (up to 10) lexical and grammatical suffixes. e.g.: бе-маза-гар-чи-лиг-и-нг-из-дан бе-кор-чи-лик-дан-дир-да-а? { pref-root-lex.suf-lex.suf-gram.suf.} the syntagmatic connections of morphemes within the model form two types of structure in modern english: …

one of the controversial problems of modern linguistics. the theoretical side of this problem is the subject matter of the theoretical grammar. therefore we should base our comparison of system of parts of speech on the generally recognised (acknowledged) opinions of grammarians. in order to make easier to learn the language the grammarians usually divide the word-stock of the language into some subclasses called in linguists the parts of speech. the main principles of classifying words into parts of speech are: their meaning, form and function, that is to say, the words of any language differ from each-other in meaning, in form and in function. different parts of speech have different lexical meanings. e.g. verbs denote process or state; nouns express the names of objects, adjectives their properties... some parts of speech have different grammatical categories. verbs have the category of mood, tense, aspect, voice, person, number etc., nouns-case, number, …

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1451618513_62783.doc comparative analysis of the morphological systems of english and uzbek plan: · morphological structure of words · parts of speech word is usually characterised as the smallest naming unit consisting of a definite number of sounds and denoting a definite lexical meaning and expressing definite grammatical categories. it usually is a subject-matter of morphology, which studies the form and structure of the word. it is well known that the morphological system of the language reveals its properties through the morphemic structure of words. as a part of the grammatical theory morphology faces two segmental units of the language: the morpheme and the word. morpheme is known as the smallest meaningful unit of the language into which a word may …

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