comparative analysis of english, uzbek and russian languages words

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презентация powerpoint lecture 15 comparative analysis of english, uzbek and russian languages words the main unit of the lexical system of a language resulting from the association of a group of sounds with a meaning is a word. this unit is used in grammatical functions characteristic of it. it is the smallest language unit which can stand alone as a complete utterance. a word, however, can be divided into smaller sense units - morphemes. the morpheme is the smallest meaningful language unit. the morpheme consists of a class of variants, allomorphs, which are either phonologically or morphologically conditioned, e.g. please, pleasant, pleasure. morphemes lexical morphemes grammatical (functional) morphemes free and bound free and bound free lexical morphemes are roots of words which express the lexical meaning of the word, they coincide with the stem of simple words. free grammatical morphemes are function words: articles conjunctions bound lexical morphemes are affixes: …

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more natural for english and uzbek to use a hyperonym, while russian typically favours hyponym: english russian uzbek box коробка коробочка шкатулка ящик ящичек қути қутича flask фляга фляжка склянка пузырёк фляга pot горшок котелок банка кружка кринка тувак naturally, it is possible to show opposite examples in which russian and uzbek words are more general in meaning than its counterparts in english: english russian uzbek finger toe палец бармоқ hand arm рука қўл watch clock часы соат depending on the context russian uses a special prefixed derivatives where english and uzbek have a general word: english russian uzbek to cut a finger порезать палец бармоқни кесмоқ to cut a road перерезать дорогу йўлни кесиб ўтмоқ to cut a grass срезать траву ўтни кесмоқ to cut one’s throat зарезаться, перерезать кому та горло кимнидир сўймоқ (томоғини кесмоқ) every word has two aspects: the outer aspect (its sound form) and their …

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ook for reading. one and the same word in different syntactical relations can develop different meanings, e.g. the verb in english “treat” in the sentences: he treated my words as a joke; the book treats of poetry; they treated me so sweet; he treats his son cruelly. in all these sentences the verb “treat” has different meanings and we can speak about polysemy in this situation. the word “polysemy” means “plurality of meanings” it exists only in the language, not in speech. in uzbek language too, e.g. the noun “кўз” (an eye) which is a part of the human face, in the following phrases can show polysemy in this language: ёғочнинг кўзи; узукнинг кўзи; булоқнинг кўзи; ишнинг кўзи; деразанинг кўзи. on the other hand, one and the same meaning can be expressed by different sound forms, e.g. in english “pilot” and “airman”, “man”, “mankind”, “human”, “person”; in uzbek “мўйсафид”, “қари”, …

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inflexion is zero), e.g. “red”, “ask”, “leg”; derived words consist of one root morpheme, one or several affixes and an inflexion, e.g. “ aimless”, “unemployed”, “disbelief”; compound words consist of two or more root morphemes and an inflexion, e.g. “foreign-made”, “red-haired”, “to daydream”; compound-derived words consist of two or more root morphemes, one or more affixes and an inflexion, e.g. “a stay-slim diet”,“an out-of-town performance”, “do-it-your-self principle”. in the uzbek language they can be classified into: word сўз қўшма (compound) жуфт (pairs) такрорий (repeated) содда (simple) туб (root) ясама (derived) simple words in uzbek can be subdivided in to root “ ўқи”, “келди”, and derived “билим”, “улғай”, “серзавқ”. a distinctive feature of uzbek language is having the types of words such pairs and repeated ones which can be formed by a hyphen and give one meaning. pair words in uzbek can be formed as followings: pair words жуфт сўзлар both …

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pounds such as: three – cornered, fifteen – fold, six – fold, five – sided polygon, пятиэтажный, треугольный. uzbek compound words are classified: a) from the point of view of the way the components of the compound are linked together: хомкалла, кўксултон, искабтопар. b) from the point of view of agreeing: тўйбоши, китобсевар, дунёқараш. с) from the point of view of the relationship between subject and predicate: first elements of such kind compound will be predicate: гўшткуйди, келинтушди. there are 6 types of compound words in uzbek: compound words compound nouns compound adjectives compound verbs compound pronouns compound adverbs compound number most frequently spread english and russian compound words are: compound words compound nouns compound adjectives compound adverbs compound verbs thanks for attention /docprops/thumbnail.jpeg

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презентация powerpoint lecture 15 comparative analysis of english, uzbek and russian languages words the main unit of the lexical system of a language resulting from the association of a group of sounds with a meaning is a word. this unit is used in grammatical functions characteristic of it. it is the smallest language unit which can stand alone as a complete utterance. a word, however, can be divided into smaller sense units - morphemes. the morpheme is the smallest meaningful language unit. the morpheme consists of a class of variants, allomorphs, which are either phonologically or morphologically conditioned, e.g. please, pleasant, pleasure. morphemes lexical morphemes grammatical (functional) morphemes free and bound free and bound free lexical morphemes are roots of …

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