modern english syntax and sentence

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1524243776_71276.doc modern english syntax and sentence problems to be discussed: 1. subject - matter of syntax 2. syntax-minor and syntax-major 3. the types of syntactical relations: a) coordination, b) subordination, c) predication: primary and secondary predication 4. the types of syntactical relations according to the form of the constituents: a) agreement, b) government c) collocation 5. word-combinations and their types 6. definition of sentence 7. the types of sentences according to the different grouping requirements 8. the problem of one-member sentences 9. the problem of elliptical sentences the subject – matter of syntax it has been mentioned above that the syntactic level is divided into two parts: syntax – minor and syntax – major. the first one deals with sentence structure and the second – with text and its structure.these units, sentence and text, have a communicative function. the subject-matter of syntax are these communicative units: sentence and text. the …

in. 2) a boy came in. 3) tall came in. co-ordination is shown either by word-order only, or by the use of form-words: 4) pens and pencils were purchased. 5) pens were purchased. 6) pencils were purchased. since both (5), (6) sentences show identical meaning we may say that these two words are independent: coordination is proved. predication is the connection between the subject and the predicate of a sentence. in predication none of the components can be omitted which is the characteristic feature of this type of connection, as e.g. 7) he came ... 8) *he ... 9) * ... came or 10) i knew he had come 11) * i knew he 12) * i knew had come sentences (8), (9) and (11), (12) are unmarked ones. h. sweet (42) distinguishes two types of relations between words: subordination, coordination. subordination is divided in its turn into concord when …

o sweet's conception. e. kruisinga (36) considers two types of word-groups: close and loose. i. close group - when one of the members is syntactically the leading element of the group. there may be verb groups like running quickly, to hear a noise and nouns groups: king edward, my book ii. loose group - when each element is comparatively independent of the other members: men and woman; strict but just and so on. thus, if we choose the terms suggested by barkhudarov l.s., then we may say all grammarians mentioned here are unanimous as to the existence in english the subordination and coordination bonds. in addition to these two bonds barkhudarov adds the predication. so when speaking on the types of syntactic connections in english we shall mean the three bonds mentioned. as one can see that when speaking about syntactic relations between words we mention the terms coordination, subordination, …

rdependent and together they constitute the study of grammar. morphology deals with paradigmatic and syntagmatic properties of morphological units - morphemes and words. it is concerned with the internal structure of words and their relationship to other words and word forms within the paradigm. it studies morphological categories and their realization. syntax, on the other hand, deals with the way words are combined. it is concerned with the external functions of words and their relationship to other words within the linearly ordered units - word-groups, sentences and texts. syntax studies the way in which the units and their meanings are combined. it also deals with peculiarities of syntactic units, their behavior in different contexts. syntactic units may be analyzed from different points of view, and accordingly, different syntactic theories exist. transformational-generative grammar. the transformational grammar was first suggested by american scholar zelling harris as a method of analyzing sentences and …

ngerous. this sentence is ambiguous, two senses can be distinguished: a) the action of flying planes can be dangerous, b) the planes that fly can be dangerous. therefore it can be reduced to the following kernels: a) planes can be dangerous b) planes can be dangerous x (people) fly planes planes fly constructional syntax. constructional analysis of syntactic units was initiated by prof. g .pocheptsov in his book published in kyiv in 1971. this analysis deals with the constructional significance/insignificance of a part of the sentence for the whole syntactic unit. the theory is based on the obligatory or optional environment of syntactic elements. for example, the element him in the sentence i saw him there yesterday is constructionally significant because it is impossible to omit it. at the same time the elements there and yesterday are constructionally insignificant - they can be omitted without destroying the whole structure. communicative …

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1524243776_71276.doc modern english syntax and sentence problems to be discussed: 1. subject - matter of syntax 2. syntax-minor and syntax-major 3. the types of syntactical relations: a) coordination, b) subordination, c) predication: primary and secondary predication 4. the types of syntactical relations according to the form of the constituents: a) agreement, b) government c) collocation 5. word-combinations and their types 6. definition of sentence 7. the types of sentences according to the different grouping requirements 8. the problem of one-member sentences 9. the problem of elliptical sentences the subject – matter of syntax it has been mentioned above that the syntactic level is divided into two parts: syntax – minor and syntax – major. the first one deals with sentence …

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