modern english lexicology

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powerpoint presentation plan: historical changeability of the word meaning causes and nature of semantic change metaphor and metonymy as basic mechanisms of meaning change the notion of semantic derivation lexical context and its role in semantic change change of meaning causes of semantic change reflect different changes in the life of the speech community. extra-linguistic causes examples of extra-linguistic causes car - 1301, from norm.-fr. carre, from l. carrum, carrus (pl. carra), originally ‘two-wheeled celtic war chariot’, from gaul. karros, from pie *krsos, from base *kers- "to run." extension to "automobile" is 1896. car-sick first recorded 1908. car bomb first 1972, in reference to northern ireland. cab - 1826, shortening of cabriolet (1763) "light, horse-drawn carriage," fr. dim. of cabrioler "leap, caper," from it. capriolare "jump in the air," from l. capreolus "wild goat“, as those carriages had springy and squeezy suspensions; first used of locomotives 1859; used of automobiles …

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, but lost some of its intensity; the second came to be associated with positive qualities (similar to ame ‘awesome’); the result is that the latter two words have gone from being synonyms to almost exact antonyms. semantic structure of “mouse” 1) a small rodent that typically has a pointed snout, relatively large ears and eyes, and a long tail (oe, mus (sin) / mys (pl); 2) (in general use) any similar small mammal, such as a shrew or vole (1750); 3) a shy, timid, and quiet person (metaphor); 4) a dull light brown color reminiscent of a mouse's fur (metonymy); 5) a small handheld device that is dragged across a flat surface to move the cursor on a computer screen (1965) - metaphor; 6) {informal} a lump or bruise, esp. one on or near the eye (1842) (??). derivatives: mousetrap – a device for catching and killing mice (1475) …

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powerpoint presentation plan: historical changeability of the word meaning causes and nature of semantic change metaphor and metonymy as basic mechanisms of meaning change the notion of semantic derivation lexical context and its role in semantic change change of meaning causes of semantic change reflect different changes in the life of the speech community. extra-linguistic causes examples of extra-linguistic causes car - 1301, from norm.-fr. carre, from l. carrum, carrus (pl. carra), originally ‘two-wheeled celtic war chariot’, from gaul. karros, from pie *krsos, from base *kers- "to run." extension to "automobile" is 1896. car-sick first recorded 1908. car bomb first 1972, in reference to northern ireland. cab - 1826, shortening of cabriolet (1763) "light, horse-drawn carriage," fr. dim...

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