modern english lexicology

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modern english lexicology lecture 7 the structure of the english word topics for discussion: morpheme as the basic structural unit of the word historical changeability of the word structure procedure of morphemic analysis types of morphemes and their classification the stem of the word and its types the word is the principal and basic unit of the language system, the largest on the morphologic and the smallest on the syntactic plane of linguistic analysis. it has been universally acknowledged that a great many words have a composite nature and are made up of morphemes, the basic units on the morphemic level, which are defined as the smallest indivisible two-facet language units. morphemes english words are composed of morphemes of different types: root-morphemes and affixational morphemes. words that consist of a root and an affix are called derived words or derivatives and are produced by the process of word building known …

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stituents. this method is based on the binary principle, i.e. each stage of the procedure involves two components the word immediately breaks into. immediate constituents breaking a word into its immediate constituents we observe in each cut the structural order of the constituents. a diagram presenting the three cuts described looks as follows: 1. un- / gentlemanly 2. un- / gentleman / - ly 3. un- / gentle / - man / - ly ultimate constituents a similar analysis on the word-formation level showing not only the morphemic constituents of the word but also the structural pattern on which it is built. the analysis of word-structure at the morphemic level must proceed to the stage of ultimate constituents. for example, the noun “friendliness” is first segmented into the ics: friend recurring in the adjectives friendly-looking and friendly and -ness found in a countless number of nouns, such as unhappiness, blackness, …

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s: simple, derived, compound and compound-derived. simple simple stems are semantically non-motivated and do not constitute a pattern on analogy with which new stems may be modelled. simple stems are generally monomorphic and phonetically identical with the root morpheme. derived derived stems are built on stems of various structures though which they are motivated, i.e. derived stems are understood on the basis of the derivative relations between their immediate constituents and the correlated stems. compound compound stems are made up of two stems, both of which are themselves stems, for example, match-box, driving-suit, pen-holder, etc. it is built by joining of two stems, one of which is simple, the other derived. compound-derived the compound-derived stems are those which, besides 2 stems, have also affixes, like lop-sided, long-legged, blue-eyed, merry-go-roundish, etc. stems have not only the lexical meaning but also grammatical (part-of speech) meaning, they can be noun stems («girl») adjective …

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modern english lexicology lecture 7 the structure of the english word topics for discussion: morpheme as the basic structural unit of the word historical changeability of the word structure procedure of morphemic analysis types of morphemes and their classification the stem of the word and its types the word is the principal and basic unit of the language system, the largest on the morphologic and the smallest on the syntactic plane of linguistic analysis. it has been universally acknowledged that a great many words have a composite nature and are made up of morphemes, the basic units on the morphemic level, which are defined as the smallest indivisible two-facet language units. morphemes english words are composed of morphemes of different …

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