etymological survey of the english vocabulary

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1. etymological survey of the english vocabulary etymology is the branch of linguistics that studies the origin of words. the eng.lang.—unique vocabulary: native w-s 25-30% borrowings 70% w-s of native origin w. inherited from indo-european parent language. a native w-d—a w-d which belongs to the original english stock, as known from the earliest available manuscripts of the oe period. the native w-s are subdivided by diachronic linguists into : a) those of the i-e stock (having cognates in the vocabularies of different i-e languages) & b) those of common germanic origin (having cognates in germ., goth., swed., norw., dutch, but not in fr., rus., lat.). english proper elem-s - are specifically eng. ws having no cognates in other lang-s (boy, lady, lord, bird, child) i-e element—the oldest layer—falls into semantic groups: a) terms of kinship: father, mother, son, daughter, sister, brother (cousin, aunt, uncle — french) b) elements of nature: …

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6): to watch one’s step, to keep watch, watchful as a hawk (1): наблюдать, следить, быть осторожным, дежурить, караулить, охранять, выжидать finger — палец, стрелка (часов), указатель (на шкале) (6): not to move a finger, with a wet finger, to have a finger in smth. borrowing— a w-d taken from another lang-ge & modified in phonemic shape, spelling, paradigm or meaning according to the standards of the eng. lang-ge. the part played by borrowings in the voc-ry of a lang-ge depends upon the history of each given lang-ge : the roman invasion, the introduction of christianity, the danish & norman conquests, the british colonial expansion, technical revolution, i, ii world wars, rapid industrialization. the early inhabitants of the br. isles were numerous germ. tribes (barbarians), they gained a considerable № of new latin w-s, taken from romans. germ. tribes learned how to make cheese, butter, how to grow fruits & …

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-s are especially important in terminology of politics (persona non grata), art (sonata), industry, science (amper, volt); comparatively new w-s : computer, genetic code, algorythm, mikrofield, byonics, antenna. there are some international w-s long ago firmly established in the lang-e: time, minute, second, opera, professor, club, sport, bar, jazz, cowboy.

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1. etymological survey of the english vocabulary etymology is the branch of linguistics that studies the origin of words. the eng.lang.—unique vocabulary: native w-s 25-30% borrowings 70% w-s of native origin w. inherited from indo-european parent language. a native w-d—a w-d which belongs to the original english stock, as known from the earliest available manuscripts of the oe period. the native w-s are subdivided by diachronic linguists into : a) those of the i-e stock (having cognates in the vocabularies of different i-e languages) & b) those of common germanic origin (having cognates in germ., goth., swed., norw., dutch, but not in fr., rus., lat.). english proper elem-s - are specifically eng. ws having no cognates in other lang-s (boy, …

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