osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet

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razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 160 | s t r a n i ts a © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., xolamov a. i. , 2013 g . glava 1. razvitie i stroenie skeleta verxney konechnosti. osobennosti stroeniya verxney konechnosti kak organa truda. rentgenoanatomiya skeleta verxney konechnosti. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ chast 1: stroenie skeleta verxney konechnosti poyas verxney konechnosti, cingulum membri superioris:  lopatka, scapula;  klyuchitsa, clavicula. skelet svobodnoy chasti verxney konechnosti, sceleton membri superioris liberi:  plechevaya kost, humerus;  kosti predplechya, ossa antebrachii (luchevaya, radius i loktevaya, ulna);  kosti kisti, ossa manus (zapyaste, carpus, pyaste, metacarpus i falangi paltsev, phalanges digitorum). 1 – scapula; 4 – ulna; 7 – metacarpus; 2 – clavicula; 5 – radius; 8 – phalanges digitorum. 3 – humerus; 6 – carpus; ris. 3.1.1. kosti verxney konechnosti (vid speredi). razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., …

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– palpiruemie obrazovaniya otmecheni krasnim). razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., xolamov a. i. , 2013 g . 163 | s t r a n i ts a chast 2: razvitie skeleta verxney konechnosti vse kosti verxney konechnosti (krome klyuchitsi) proxodyat 3 stadii razvitiya: pereponchatuyu; xryashevuyu; kostnuyu. lopatka pervaya tochka okosteneniya poyavlyaetsya na 8-y nedele embriogeneza v oblasti sheyki lopatki, na 1-m godu jizni  v klyuvovidnom otrostke, v 1518 let jizni  v akromione. srastanie (sinostozirovanie) kostnix zakladok chastey lopatki v edinuyu kost i priobretenie lopatkoy stroeniya, prisushego vzroslomu (definitivnogo) ot- mechaetsya k 21 godu jizni. klyuchitsa grudinniy konets v embriogeneze proxodit 3 stadii razvitiya: 1) pereponchatuyu; 2) xryashevuyu; 3) kostnuyu. telo i akromialniy konets klyuchitsi proxodyat pereponchatuyu i kostnuyu stadii embrioge- neza. tochki okosteneniya poyavlyayutsya v tele i akromialnom otrostke v 6 nedel embriogeneza; v grudin- nom kontse  na 1618 …

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istalnom epifize tochki okosteneniya poyavlyayutsya na 12 godu (radius) i 48 godu jizni (ulna). srastanie (sinostoz) tochek okosteneniya kajdoy kosti predplechya v edinuyu kost i priobretenie imi definitivnogo stroeniya otmechaetsya na 2025 godu jizni. kosti kisti kosti zapyastya imeyut po odnoy tochke okosteneniya. pervie tochki okosteneniya poyavlyayutsya na 1-m godu jizni (23 mesyatsi) v golovchatoy i kryuchkovidnoy kostyax; poslednimi okostenevayut kost- trapetsiya i trapetsievidnaya kost v 56 let, goroxovidnaya kost v 1217 let. kosti pyasti i falangi paltsev imeyut po 2 tochki okosteneniya: 1-ya  v diafize (poyavlyaetsya na 2 me- syatse embriogeneza), 2-ya (na 23 godax jizni)  v proksimalnom epifize (kosti pyasti, krome per- voy) ili v distalnom (falangi paltsev i 1-ya pyastnaya kost). sliyanie diafizov i epifizov kostey pyasti i falang paltsev zakanchivaetsya na 1820 godu jizni. razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 164 | s t r a n i ts a © «osteologiya» – …

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avlen v storonu i mojet protivopostavlyatsya vsem ostalnim paltsam, vklyuchaya mizintsu, chto otsutstvuet u obezyan. blagodarya takomu stroeniyu kist cheloveka sposobna ne tolko zaxvativat predmet, no i obxvativat ego. chast 4: rentgenoanatomiya skeleta verxney konechnosti ris. 3.1.4. rentgenoanatomiya verxnego poyasa. razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., xolamov a. i. , 2013 g . 165 | s t r a n i ts a ris. 3.1.5. rentgenoanatomiya kostey predplechya. ris. 3.1.6. rentgenoanatomiya kostey kisti. razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 166 | s t r a n i ts a © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., xolamov a. i. , 2013 g . glava 2. kosti poyasa verxney konechnosti. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ chast 1: lopatka scapula yavlyaetsya smeshannoy kostyu, raspolagaetsya na zadney poverxnosti grudnoy kletki ot ii do vii rebra. na lopatke razlichayut: 2 poverxnosti, 3 kraya, 3 ugla, 2 otrostka (ris. 3.2.1-3.2.4). poverxnosti lopatki: …

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superior;  nijniy ugol, angulus inferior;  lateralniy ugol, angulus lateralis. lateralniy ugol lopatki imeet:  sustavnuyu vpadinu, cavitas glenoidalis;  sheyku lopatki, collum scapulae, – mesto prikrepleniya gubi plechevogo sustava;  nadsustavnoy bugorok, tuberculum supraglenoidale, – mesto prikrepleniya suxojiliya dlinnoy golovki bitsepsa;  podsustavnoy bugorok, tuberculum infraglenoidale, – mesto prikrepleniya suxojiliya dlinnoy golovki tritsepsa. otrostki lopatki:  akromion, acromion,  prodoljenie osti lopatki, imeet sustavnuyu poverxnost dlya sochleneniya s klyuchitsey;  klyuvovidniy otrostok, processus coracoideus. pravilo raspolojeniya: vognutaya rebernaya poverxnost vpered; ost naxoditsya dorsalno; virezka lopatki vverx; sustavnaya vpadina lateralno. razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., xolamov a. i. , 2013 g . 167 | s t r a n i ts a 1 – fossa subscapularis; 11 – margo superior; 17 – tuberculum infraglenoidale; 7 – facies articularis clavicularis; 12 – incisura scapulae; 18 – collum scapulae; 9 – margo medialis; …

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razdel 3 . osteologiya. dobavochniy skelet ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 160 | s t r a n i ts a © «osteologiya» – pivchenko p. g., xolamov a. i. , 2013 g . glava 1. razvitie i stroenie skeleta verxney konechnosti. osobennosti stroeniya verxney konechnosti kak organa truda. rentgenoanatomiya skeleta verxney konechnosti. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ chast 1: stroenie skeleta verxney konechnosti poyas verxney konechnosti, cingulum membri superioris:  lopatka, scapula;  klyuchitsa, clavicula. skelet svobodnoy chasti verxney konechnosti, sceleton membri superioris liberi:  plechevaya...

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