emphasis words (so, such, too, enough)

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theme: so such too and enouh. cats and secrets. plan: 1. so such too and enouh 2. cats and secrets. language:so/such/too/enough weusesotoexpressemphasis: so+adjective: •i’msotired! =i’mverytired. so+adjective+(that)+verb: •hewassotired(that)hefell asleepinfrontofthetv. =hewasverytired.asaresult,he fellasleep. wealsousesuchinordertoexpressemphasis: such+(adjective)+noun •it’ssuchapity! •it’ssuchalovelyday! •they’resuchnicepeople! •they’resuchnicepeople(that)theywon’tbeangry. •itwassuchbeautifulweather(that)westayedoutallday. •it’stoodifficult(forme)todothat. =it’sverydifficult.ican’tdoit. lookatthesewaysofusingenough: enough+noun: •arethereenoughbooks? enough+noun+to: •arethereenoughpeopletostarttheclass? adjective+enough+to: •isitcoldenough(forus)toturnontheheating? rewritethesesentencesasonesentence,usingthewordinbrackets. 1thefilmwasverysad.everyonecried. (so) ...................................................................................................... 2 ican’tunderstandhim.hespeakstoofast. (too) ...................................................................................................... 3howmuchmoneyhavewegot?canwepayforthetickets? (enough) ...................................................................................................... 4 itwasaverygoodmeal.weatefartoomuch. (such) ...................................................................................................... 5theteacherwasverystupid.hebelievedthechildren. (enough) ...................................................................................................... 6thetrouserswereverycheap.iboughtsixpairs. (such) ...................................................................................................... 7howmuchfoodisthere?canwefeedeveryone?. (enough) ...................................................................................................... 8thefilmwasverybad.mostpeoplewalkedout. (so) ..........................................................

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............................................ 9hecan’twalkfar.he’sold. (too) ...................................................................................................... 10mybosswaskind.hepaidforthemeal. (enough) ....................................................................................... language:wordformation–prefixesandsuffixes aprefixisaddedtothebeginningofawordtochangeitsmeaning. herearesomeexamplesofprefixesaddedtonouns: mis(=badorwrong) •misunderstanding•misspelling•misuse non-(=not,usuallywithahyphen) •non-smoker•non-fiction•non-payment in(=without) •inaccurate•inability•indecision mis(=todosomethingbadlyorwrongly) •misunderstand•misspell commonprefixesaddedtoverbsincludethefollowing: re(=todoagain) •rewrite•redo•remake dis(=tonotdosomething) •disagree•disapprove•disobey prefixesaddedtoadjectivesincludethosethatgiveanegativemeaningtotheadjective: im(usedbeforeb,m,p) •impossible•immature•imbalance in •inactive•inelegant il(usedbeforel) •illegal•illiterate un •unrecognised•uncomfortable•unattractive asuffixisaddedtotheendofawordtochangeitsmeaning.herearesomeexamplesofcommon suffixesaddedtowordsinordertomakeadjectives: able(=abletobe) •drinkable•washable less(=without) •hopeless•painless en(=madeofsomething) •wooden•golden ish(=approximately) •twentyish•greenish putthewordinbracketsintothecorrectform. 1theyhavenochildren.theyare..................... (child) 2 ican’tacceptthissituation.it’s..................... (accept) 3 ithinkweshoulddiscussthisprojectagain.let’s....................it. (think) 4.itwasnotsensitiveofthemtodothat.itwasvery.................................(sensitive) 5 itwasnotpracticaltogotolondon.itwas..................... (practical) 6themoneytheymakeisforcharity.it’sa....................organisation. (profit) 7shewasalittlebittooearlyfordinner.shewas....................fordinner. (early) 8hewastedhistimeatuniversity.he....................histimeatuniversity. (spend) 9shewasnotsatisfiedwiththerestaurantservice.shewas........

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.............(satisfied) 10hedoesn’tenjoybeingwithpeople.he’s..................... (sociable) 11iwas....................,butluckilyicaughtthebus. (late) 12hekeptwarminthesnow.heworea....................sweater. (wool) 13icouldn’tevertakeabribe.itwouldbe..................... (think) 14....................thevideo.iwanttoseethatshotagain. (wind) 15hehasverybadhandwriting.itiscompletely............................................................................................................... (legible) wecanusewhich+at/in,orat/in+which londonwasthecitywhichihadlivedinasachild. londonwasthecityinwhichihadlivedasachild.(moreformal) weusetherelativepronounwhoseinsteadofhis/her/their. that’sthegirlwhosecati’mlookingafter.(=iamlookingafterhercat.) themanwhosecariborrowedisangrywithme.(=iborrowedhiscar.) weusetherelativepronounwhattomeanthethingthat/which. whatyousaidwasveryinteresting. theygavemeexactlywhatiaskedfor. weusetherelativepronounwhichtorefertoawholesentence. thepolicebelievedme,whichwasarelief. heshoutedather,whichreallyupsether. whentherelativepronounistheobjectoftheclause,wecanusewhom,butitisveryformal. theperson(whom/who/that)youdescribediscomingtodinner. theprofessortowhomispokeisfamous.(=theprofessor(who)ispoketois...) rewritethesepairsofsentencesasonesentenceusingtherelativepronouninbrackets. 1thisistheplace.wemetinthisplace. (where) ...................................................................................................... 2 ihaven’tdoneenoughrevision.thismeansthatimaynotpasstheexam. (which) ...................................................................................................... 3youdidsomething.iknowaboutit. (what) ...................................................................................................... 4thelecturerhaswrittenanimportantbook.wearelisteningtothelecturer. (whom) ...................................................................................................... 5that’sthegirl.ireallyfancyherbrother.

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(whose) ...................................................................................................... 6theyheldthepartyinaroom.itwasonthesecondfloor. (inwhich) ...................................................................................................... 7youhaveit.ineedit. (what) ...................................................................................................... 8there’sthegirl.herdressisthesameasyours. (whose) ...................................................................................................... 9theworkersarrivedverylate.thiswasveryannoying. (which) ...................................................................................................... 10isthisthestreet?didithappenhere? (where) ...................................................................................................... language:defining/non-definingrelativeclauses adefiningrelativeclausetellsyouwhichpersonorthingitisreferringto. •she’sthewomanwho/thathelpedme. •that’sthebook(which/that)everyoneistalkingabout. definingrelativeclausesdonothavecommas. innon-definingrelativeclauses,wealreadyknowwhichpersonorthingthespeaker istalkingabout. therelativeclausesimplygivesmoreinformationaboutthepersonorthing. •wewenttoprague,whichwasverybeautiful. withnon-definingclauses,weusewho/whom(notthat)forpeople. •thisismyfather,who/whomyou’vealreadymet,ithink. weusewhich(notthat)forthings. thiscar,whichwonthe1965grandprix,willbeputinthemotormuseum. youcannotomittherelativepronouninnon-definingclauses. commasmustbeusedinnon-definingclauses,asshownintheexamplesabove. rewritethesetwosentencesasonesentence,insertingcommaswherenecessary. 1wehadlunchinavillage.myfriendknewthevillagewell. ...................................................................................................... 2peopleneverremembermybirthday.it’son25thdecember. ...................................................................................................... 3thechildrenwelcomedt

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heteacher.shesmiledwarmlyatthem. ...................................................................................................... 4themanhaslefttheroom.hewastheonethataskedthequestion. ...................................................................................................... 5marieheatherhadafantasticvoice.ihadneverheardofher. ...................................................................................................... 6where’sthedog?itbitthechild. ...................................................................................................... 7theferrariteamisfamous.itwontheformula1trophythisyear. ...................................................................................................... 8 ‘haveyoumetjames?helivesinthesamestreetasyou.’ ...................................................................................................... 9thethingsareonthetable.youboughtthem. ...................................................................................................... 10‘officer,itwasthatman.hedamagedmycar.’ ...................................................................................................... 1language:countablenouns/uncountablenouns;plurals thesenounsareusuallyuncountable: •news•luggage•baggage•information•weather•accommodation•advice•furniture •traffic•work•behaviour•luck•travel•permission•progress•damage tomakesomeofthesenounscountable,weusetheexpressionapieceof: •apieceofnews/apieceofluggage/apieceofinformation/apieceofadvice/apieceoffurniture manyabstractnounscanbebothcountableanduncountable. whentheyareuncountabletheyhavea generalmeaning. whentheyarecountable,theyhavea particularmeaning. •there’sroominthecarforonemore. (room=spaceinthecar) •whatalargeroomthisis! (room=aparticularroominahouse) wordsformaterials(wood,paper,glass) areuncountable. •weneedsomemorepaper. •glassistransparent. •doyouhavemuchexperience asateacher?(=practiceinteaching) •myvisittoamericawasawonderful experience.(experi

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theme: so such too and enouh. cats and secrets. plan: 1. so such too and enouh 2. cats and secrets. language:so/such/too/enough weusesotoexpressemphasis: so+adjective: •i’msotired! =i’mverytired. so+adjective+(that)+verb: •hewassotired(that)hefell asleepinfrontofthetv. =hewasverytired.asaresult,he fellasleep. wealsousesuchinordertoexpressemphasis: such+(adjective)+noun •it’ssuchapity! •it’ssuchalovelyday! •they’resuchnicepeople! •they’resuchnicepeople(that)theywon’tbeangry. •itwassuchbeautifulweather(that)westayedoutallday. •it’stoodifficult(forme)todothat. =it’sverydifficult.ican’tdoit. lookatthesewaysofusingenough: enough+noun: •arethereenoughbooks? enough+noun+to: •arethereenoughpeopletostarttheclass? adjective+enough+to: •isitcoldenough(forus)toturnontheheating? rewritethesesentencesas...

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