declaration of independence

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declaration of independence in congress, july 4, 1776. the unanimous declaration of the thirteen united states of america, when in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.— �that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,— �that whenever any form of government …
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nd usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these states. to prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. he has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. he has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. he has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of representation in the legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only. he has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. he has dissolved …
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s, in times of peace, standing armies without the consent of our legislatures. he has affected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power. he has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation: for quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: for protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murders which they should commit on the inhabitants of these states: for cutting off our trade with all parts of the world: for imposing taxes on us without our consent: for depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury: for transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offences for abolishing the free system of english laws in a neighbouring province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging …
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ons amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless indian savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions. in every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms: our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. a prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. nor have we been wanting in attentions to our brittish brethren. we have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. we have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. we have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to …
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laration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor. [the 56 signatures on the declaration were arranged in six columns:] [column 1] georgia: button gwinnett lyman hall george walton [column 2] north carolina: william hooper joseph hewes john penn south carolina: edward rutledge thomas heyward, jr. thomas lynch, jr. arthur middleton [column 3] massachusetts: john hancock maryland: samuel chase william paca thomas stone charles carroll of carrollton virginia: george wythe richard henry lee thomas jefferson benjamin harrison thomas nelson, jr. francis lightfoot lee carter braxton [column 4] pennsylvania: robert morris benjamin rush benjamin franklin john morton george clymer james smith george taylor james wilson george ross delaware: caesar rodney george read thomas mckean [column 5] new york: william floyd philip livingston francis lewis lewis morris new jersey: richard stockton john witherspoon francis hopkinson john …

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declaration of independence in congress, july 4, 1776. the unanimous declaration of the thirteen united states of america, when in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and …

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