the independence of uzbekistan

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1449633758_61718.ppt powerpoint presentation the independence of uzbekistan www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz after 1991 year u z b e k i s t a n www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz government type: republic. independence: september 1, 1991. constitution: december 8, 1992. branches: executive--president, prime minister, cabinet. legislative--bicameral supreme assembly or oliy majlis consists of an upper house or senate (100 seats; 84 members are elected by regional governing councils to serve 5-year terms and 16 are appointed by the president) and a lower house or legislative chamber (150 seats; elected by popular vote to serve 5-year terms). judiciary--supreme court, constitutional court, economic court. administrative subdivisions (viloyatlar): 12, plus republic of karakalpakstan and city of tashkent. www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz the independence of uzbekistan political parties and leaders: adolat (justice) social democratic party--established february 18, 1995 in tashkent, number of seats in the legislative chamber of the parliament 18, ismail saifnazarov, first secretary; democratic national rebirth party (milly tiklanish …

movement--abdurakhim pulatov, chairman; erk (freedom) democratic party--mohammed solih, www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz economy (note: government of uzbekistan statistics are not consistently reliable. this report relies on unofficial estimates and states clearly when a figure is an estimate. estimates by international financial institutions also use government of uzbekistan statistics.) gdp: 2009 real gdp growth was 8.1%, according to the international monetary fund (imf) based on government of uzbekistan statistics. actual gdp growth was likely lower. inflation: the imf estimated that consumer price inflation reached 14.1% in 2009, though actual inflation was likely higher, between 18%-21%. per capita gdp: estimated per capita gdp in 2009 was $1,121; gdp per capita on a purchasing power parity basis was $2,800. natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, gold, coal, uranium, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, molybdenum. natural gas production in 2009 was 61.4 billion cubic meters (bcm); oil production was 4.4 million tons. agriculture: products--cotton, fourth-largest producer worldwide; …

uzbekistan is central asia's most populous country. its 28 million people, concentrated in the south and east of the country, are nearly half the region's total population. uzbekistan had been one of the least developed republics of the soviet union; much of its population was engaged in cotton farming in small rural communities. the population continues to be heavily rural and dependent on farming for its livelihood. uzbek is the predominant ethnic group. other ethnic groups include russian 5.5%, tajik 5%, kazakh 3%, karakalpak 2.5%, and tatar 1.5%. the nation is approximately 90% sunni muslim. uzbek is the official state language; however, russian is the de facto language for interethnic communication, including much day-to-day government and business use. people www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz the educational system has achieved 97% literacy, and the mean amount of schooling for both men and women is 9 years. however, due to budget constraints and other transitional …

enous samanid dynasty established an empire in the 9th century. genghis khan and his mongols overran its territory in 1220. in the 1300s, timur, known in the west as tamerlane, built an empire with its capital at samarkand. uzbekistan's most noted tourist sites date from the timurid dynasty. later, separate muslim city-states emerged with strong ties to persia. in 1865, russia occupied tashkent and by the end of the 19th century, russia had conquered all of central asia. in 1876, the russians dissolved the khanate of kokand, while allowing the khanates of khiva and bukhara to remain as direct protectorates. russia placed the rest of central asia under colonial administration, and invested in the development of central asia's infrastructure, promoting cotton growing and encouraging settlement by russian colonists. www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz in 1924, following the establishment of soviet power, the soviet socialist republic of uzbekistan was founded from the territories including …

sidential term in december 1991 with 88% of the vote. in a december 1995 referendum, his term was extended to 2000. president karimov was re-elected in january 2000 with 91.9% of the vote. in a january 2002 referendum, the term of the presidency was extended from 5 years to 7. president karimov was re-elected in december 2007 with 88.1% of the vote. none of these elections or referenda were deemed free or fair. the organization for security and cooperation in europe (osce) did not deploy a full election observation mission to the december 2009 parliamentary elections due to threshold concerns that the elections did not offer a real choice between political alternatives. it did send a smaller election assessment mission, however, which noted some improvements in the way the elections were conducted. government and political conditions www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz in the early fourteenth century, however, as the empire began to break …

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1449633758_61718.ppt powerpoint presentation the independence of uzbekistan www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz after 1991 year u z b e k i s t a n www.arxiv.uz www.arxiv.uz government type: republic. independence: september 1, 1991. constitution: december 8, 1992. branches: executive--president, prime minister, cabinet. legislative--bicameral supreme assembly or oliy majlis consists of an upper house or senate (100 seats; 84 members are elected by regional governing councils to serve 5-year terms and 16 are appointed by the president) and a lower house or legislative chamber (150 seats; elected by popular vote to serve 5-year terms). judiciary--supreme court, constitutional court, economic court. administrative subdivisions (viloyatlar): 12, plus republic of karakalpakstan and city of tashkent. www...

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