translation of law discourse

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translation of law discourse translation of law discourse d.sc. g.odilova plan: defining law discourse through various academicians; the historical background of english law discourse; legal translation and its types; legal terminological issues in translation. defining law discourse through various academicians mellinkoff (1963:3) defines the language of the law as ‘the customary language used by lawyers and includes distinctive vocabulary, phrases, modes of expression, certain mannerisms of composition not exclusive with the profession but prevalent to have formed a fixed association’. the vast majority of the researchers who studied the language of the law focused on written legal documents, such as mellinkoff (1963) who advocated the importance of linguistics in the study of legal discourse. bhatia (1983), for instance, divides the written legal language into three subtypes: academic legal writing; juridical writing; legislative writing. the historical background of english law discourse english law has encountered three main stages of development: before …

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property, estate, chattel, lease, executor and tenant.’ he adds: “as the printed word became more commonplace, some writers made a deliberate effort to adopt words derived from latin, with the aim of making their text appear more sophisticated ... some writers also started to use a latin word order. this led to an ornate style, deliberately used to impress rather than inform ... it also lies behind the frequent use of shall constructions in legal documents” (ibid). after the norman conquest, latin and english were the formal languages of the law, while french was dethroned. it was reused in the 13th century when magna carta, one of the most influential legal documents in the history of democracy, was introduced. it was so influential that other countries managed to have similar documents of their own. for example, the united states issued the bill of rights in 1776. in france, following the …

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which have been followed and adopted in the field of legal translation, albeit with varying degrees of acceptability and restriction. amongst these important methods and strategies are literal translation, free translation, functional approach to translation, transliteration/transcription, loan translation, adaptation, description by definitions and explanations/lexical expansion as well as descriptive substitution. each method and strategy have its own merits and demerits and can be used in particular legal translation situations and under specific conditions. legal translation and its types legal translation is a special and specialized area of translational activity. this is due to the fact that legal translation involves law, and such translation can and often does produce not just linguistic but also legal impact and consequence, and because of the special nature of law and legal language. legal translation can be further classiﬁed according to different criteria. for instance, legal translation has been classiﬁed according to the subject matter …

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f legal documents that are required for legal, governmental or administrative purposes. examples of such documents are birth certificates, marriage certificates, academic diplomas and certificates, contracts, etc. if these documents are to be submitted or presented to a court, university or a similar official body, sworn translations are often mandatory. notarized translations are similar to sworn translations. the difference is that notarized translations are verified and signed by a notary public – a person who is authorized by the government to authenticate legal documents. to finalize a notarized translation, the original is bound together with the professional translation, which must be certified by a notary translation of apostilles is needed for an apostille – a type of international certificate used and recognized by countries who participate in the hague convention. the convention defines four types of documents which can be apostilled (marked with a special computer-generated label): court documents (wills, …

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ions. there are many lexical or terminological features and problems in legal translation, but here we only consider four major terminological areas that may pose problems in legal translation applicable to most languages. these are: (1) legal conceptual issues and the question of equivalence and nonequivalence of legal concepts in translation; (2) legal terms that are bound to law and legal institutions; (3) legal language as a technical language in terms of ordinary vs. legal meanings, and legal synonyms; (4) terminological difficulties arising from linguistic uncertainty such as vagueness and ambiguity. in the uzbek language, there are not many bilingual legal terminological dictionaries for the translators of law discourse. it is one of the biggest issues for researches in this field. it is hoped that in the upcoming years uzbek linguists and lexicographs will create such a dictionary including legal terms in both languages. here some of words in legal …

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translation of law discourse translation of law discourse d.sc. g.odilova plan: defining law discourse through various academicians; the historical background of english law discourse; legal translation and its types; legal terminological issues in translation. defining law discourse through various academicians mellinkoff (1963:3) defines the language of the law as ‘the customary language used by lawyers and includes distinctive vocabulary, phrases, modes of expression, certain mannerisms of composition not exclusive with the profession but prevalent to have formed a fixed association’. the vast majority of the researchers who studied the language of the law focused on written legal documents, such as mellinkoff (1963) who advocated the importance of linguistics in the study of legal disc...

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