an overview of literary theory and criticism

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an overview of literary theory and criticism an overview of literary theory and criticism eng 4u1 what is literary theory? literary theory is the ideas and methods we use to interpret and analyze literature from a variety of perspectives it opens up the possibilities of what literature can mean to the reader it is a toolbox for explaining and interpreting literary texts what is literary criticism? literary criticism is the practice of judging and commenting on the qualities and character of literary works. during the process of criticism, a person may use literary theory to support the judging and commenting of the literary works de villiers 1830 – caricature of literary critics removing passages from literature that displease them why? understanding and applying these theories opens up new angles and perspectives from which we can study literature and formulate our criticism of these texts you will see the “big picture” …

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choanalytical sigmund freud carl jung/archetypal marxism reader response new historicism/cultural studies post colonial feminist gender studies and queer theory moral and dramatic construction (traditional) plato and the moral view art must teach morality and ethics to be important to society aristotle and the elements of literature a good story must have effective components: plot character and catharsis (emotion/pity) diction thought rhythm formalism builds on aristotle’s ideas about an effective text studies elements such as language, imagery, point of view, plot structure, and/or character development and motivation pays no attention to either the authors or readers of texts directs readers to be neutral or unemotional gives no consideration to social and historical context new criticism (a type of formalism) focuses on the elements of fiction and emphasizes how they work together to create, in a work of quality, a coherent whole: a unity of plot, theme and character, through use of …

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elop the story? how does the work use imagery to develop its own symbols? how are the various parts of the work interconnected? psychoanalytical/archetypal using the theories developed by psychologists such as sigmund freud and carl jung can provide useful clues to the sometime baffling symbols, actions, and settings in a literary work applying only these theories can be dangerous as it can provide a very narrow view of the text we will explore freud’s oedipus complex and jung’s individuated person ideas when we study hamlet archetypal examines how texts rely on archaic patterns for their meaning. the word archetype derives from greek, with arche meaning “first” and typos meaning “form” or “type”. according to the gage dictionary, archetype means “an original model or pattern from which copies are made.” depends on the original narrative models and patterns on which western literary textual conventions come from (judeo-christian scripture and greco-roman …

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ance do the settings or situations convey? (e.g., spring = rebirth)‏ how does the protagonist link to other protagonists from other texts or real life people? what symbols or archetypes remind you of other texts you have read or other experiences you have had? (e.g., does a man with a black hat in a mystery novel make you think about how the “bad guys” in westerns always wear black?)‏ how does the protagonist reflect the hero of myth? does the “hero” embark on a journey in either a physical or spiritual sense? is there a journey to an underworld or land of the dead? what trials or ordeals does the protagonist face? what is the reward for overcoming them? marxism emerged in the nineteenth century as a result of the theories of karl marx and friedrich engels, concerns itself with the economic struggles for power between the working class and …

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rather than critiquing the dominant (and oppressive) social order marxism: clashing of the social classes strengths weaknesses like archetypal criticism, this theory encourages a careful reading of a text. it also does not limit a reader to view the text in isolation, but allows the reader to think about the text in its social, historical, and current contexts. the main concern some readers may have about this theory is that it only examines a limited aspect of the text. some people feel threatened by the focus on “ideology.” it dismisses the beauty of writing and does not allow the reader to simply enjoy the text. applying marxism: what or whose ideological values structure the text? how are these evident? who has power (and of what sorts) in the texts? how does this power operate and change as the text progresses? what “master” or dominant social narratives are perpetuated or critiqued …

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an overview of literary theory and criticism an overview of literary theory and criticism eng 4u1 what is literary theory? literary theory is the ideas and methods we use to interpret and analyze literature from a variety of perspectives it opens up the possibilities of what literature can mean to the reader it is a toolbox for explaining and interpreting literary texts what is literary criticism? literary criticism is the practice of judging and commenting on the qualities and character of literary works. during the process of criticism, a person may use literary theory to support the judging and commenting of the literary works de villiers 1830 – caricature of literary critics removing passages from literature that displease them why? …

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