the future of english and its varieties

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the future of english and its varieties contents: introduction chapter.i.the future of english as a world language 1.1 the future of english as a global language 1.2 the future of english and its varieties: an applied linguistic perspective chapter.ii. attitude towards emerging varieties of english 2.1 the six main variants of the english language 2.2.varieties of english: why is it important for students to know that conclusion references introduction language is an immensely democratising institution. to have learned a language is immediately to have rights in it. you may add to it, modify it, play with it, create in it, ignore bits of it, as you will. and it is just as likely that the course of the english language is going to be inﬂuenced by those who speak it as a second or foreign language as by those who speak it as a mother tongue. fashions count, in language, …

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ave been so few studies. but impressionistically, we can see several of these new linguistic features achieving an increasingly public proﬁle, in their respective countries. words become used less self-consciously in the national press – no longer being put in inverted commas, for example, or given a gloss. they come to be adopted, often at ﬁrst with some effort, then more naturally, by ﬁrst-language speakers of english in the locality. indeed, the canons of local political correctness, in the best sense of that phrase, may foster a local usage, giving it more prestige than it could ever have dreamed of – a good example is the contemporary popularity in new zealand english of maori words (and the occasional maori grammatical feature, such as the dropping of the deﬁnite article before the people name maori itself). and, above all, the local words begin to be used at the prestigious levels of …

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ial equals in every way. in such circumstances, one has to learn to live with the new usage, as a feature of increasing diversity in english. it can take a generation or two, but it does happen. it happened within ﬁfty years between britain and america: by 1842, charles dickens (in his american notes, revised in 1868) made some observations about american linguistic usage – such as (in chapter 9) his amazement at the many ways that americans use the verb ﬁx – all expressed in tones of delight, not dismay. but, whatever your attitude towards new usages – and there will always be people who sneer at diversity – there is no getting away from the fact that, these days, regional national varieties of english are increasingly being used with prestige on the international scene. chapter.i.the future of english as a world language 1.1 the future of english as …

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augh, a. c., & cable, t. (2002). a history of the english language (5th ed.). usa: routledge. ] according to linguists, english can be organized into three circles. the first circle encompasses all of the native speakers of english, such as in the united states, united kingdom, australia, canada, south africa, new zealand, etc. the second circle includes the historically significant speakers, former british colonies such as west indies, india, pakistan, bangladesh, nigeria, west indies are in this circle. lastly, the expanding outer circle encompasses every other english speaker. this expanding circle of non-native english speakers has come to outnumber native speakers by a factor of three. it is not a surprise to see a global spike in english education. english as a language is facing some interesting challenges in the future. it is undeniable that english is now a global language, and is here to stay as developing countries …

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ould become the product of the emerging global culture, perhaps called international english. international english would mitigate the influences of british colonialism and american imperialism. it would also allow for cross-cultural understanding across the world without the political, social, and cultural connotations attached to standard english. english is one of the world’s major international languages. just which is the leader in a league table of languages depends upon the precise nature of the comparison being made. for example, according to an article by turner (may 2012)[footnoteref:3], chinese is at top of the league by population with 937,132,000. however if the criterion is the greatest number of countries where each is spoken, english tops the table with 115, followed way behind by french at 35, then arabic at 24 and spanish, spoken in just 20 countries. taking account of various factors, the article listed the languages in order of influence, still …

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the future of english and its varieties contents: introduction chapter.i.the future of english as a world language 1.1 the future of english as a global language 1.2 the future of english and its varieties: an applied linguistic perspective chapter.ii. attitude towards emerging varieties of english 2.1 the six main variants of the english language 2.2.varieties of english: why is it important for students to know that conclusion references introduction language is an immensely democratising institution. to have learned a language is immediately to have rights in it. you may add to it, modify it, play with it, create in it, ignore bits of it, as you will. and it is just as likely that the course of the english language …

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