nursing pharmacology and patient care guidelines

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1. the nurse is administering sublingual nitroglycerin to a client. immediately afterward, the a client may experience: a- nervousness or paresthesia. b- throbbing headache or dizziness. c- drowsiness or blurred vision. d- tinnitus or diplopia. rationale: headache and dizziness commonly occur when nitroglycerin is taken at the beginning of therapy. however, the client usually develops a tolerance. nervousness, paresthesia, drowsiness, blurred vision, tinnitus, and diplopia don't occur as a result of nitroglycerin therapy 2. the nurse is caring for a client receiving lidocaine i.v. which factor is most relevant to administration of this medication? a- decrease in arterial oxygen saturation when measured with a pulse oximetery b- increase in systemic blood pressure c- presence of premature ventricular contractions (pvcs) on cardiac monitor d- increase in intracranial pressure (icp) rationale: lidocaine drips are commonly used to treat clients whose arrhythmias haven't been controlled with oral medication and who are having pvcs …

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ight razor when shaving. d- take aspirin for pain relief. rationale: the client should avoid consuming large amounts of vitamin k because vitamin k can interfere with anticoagulation. the client may need to report diarrhea, but this isn't an effect of taking an anticoagulant. an electric razor not a straight razor should be used to prevent cuts that cause bleeding. aspirin may increase the risk of bleeding, so acetaminophen should be used for pain relief. 5. the nurse is delivering the client's 10 a.m. medications. the client is away from his room for a diagnostic study. which action is the most appropriate for the nurse to take? a-leave the medications on the client's bedside table. b- ask the client's roommate to keep the medications for the client until he returns. c-lock the medications in the medicine preparation area until the client returns. d-have the client skip that dose of medication. …

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ionale: the pca pump allows for a continuous dose of the narcotic delivery and a demand dose initiated by the client. pca also prevents the client from receiving an accidental overdose because of a programmed interval during which the pump can't be activated (usually 6 to 10 minutes). the client may still experience complications of narcotic delivery. the physician, rather than the nurse, prescribes the narcotic dose. 8. the nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who exhibits confusion, lightheadedness, and aberrant behavior. the client is still conscious. the nurse should first administer: a-i.m. or subcutaneous glucagon. b-an i.v. bolus of dextrose 50%. c-15 to 20 g of a fast-acting carbohydrate such as orange juice. d-10 u of fast-acting insulin. rationale: this client is having a hypoglycemic episode. because the client is conscious, the nurse should first administer a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as orange juice, hard …

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$physicians have prescribed, can cause dementia. although it's a problem among the elderly, it isn't as common as alzheimer's disease 10. the nurse is caring for an elderly female with osteoporosis. when teaching the client, the nurse should include information about which major complication? a. bone fracture b, loss of estrogen c. negative calcium balance d. dowager's hump rationale: bone fracture is a major complication of osteoporosis that results when loss of calcium and phosphate increases the fragility of bones. estrogen deficiencies result from menopause not osteoporosis. calcium and vitamin d supplements may be used to support normal bone metabolism, but a negative calcium balance isn't a complication of osteoporosis. dowager's hump results from bone fractures. it develops when repeated vertebral fractures increase spinal curvature. 11. the nurse is speaking to a group of women about early detection of breast cancer. the average age of the women in the group …$

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tion immediately after the menstrual period, when the breasts are least tender and least lumpy. on the 1st and last days of the cycle, the woman's breasts are still very tender. postmenopausal women, because their bodies lack fluctuation of hormone levels, should select one particular day of the month to do breast self-examination. 13. the nurse is teaching a group of women to perform breast self-examination. the nurse should explain that the purpose of performing the examination is to discover: a-cancerous lumps. b-areas of thickness or fullness. c-changes from previous self-examinations. d-fibrocystic masses. rationale: women are instructed to examine themselves to discover changes that have occurred in the breast. only a physician can diagnose lumps that are cancerous, areas of thickness or fullness that signal the presence of a malignancy, or masses that are fibrocystic as opposed to malignant. 14. the american cancer society recommends routine screening to detect colorectal …

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1. the nurse is administering sublingual nitroglycerin to a client. immediately afterward, the a client may experience: a- nervousness or paresthesia. b- throbbing headache or dizziness. c- drowsiness or blurred vision. d- tinnitus or diplopia. rationale: headache and dizziness commonly occur when nitroglycerin is taken at the beginning of therapy. however, the client usually develops a tolerance. nervousness, paresthesia, drowsiness, blurred vision, tinnitus, and diplopia don't occur as a result of nitroglycerin therapy 2. the nurse is caring for a client receiving lidocaine i.v. which factor is most relevant to administration of this medication? a- decrease in arterial oxygen saturation when measured with a pulse oximetery b- increase in systemic blood pressure c- presence of premature v...

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