31923_aed91b0927ad7fbd7d6cf185adff878b (1)

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Sahifalar 191

Yangilangan May 2026

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udk 54 bbk 24.1 l63 lisitsin a. 3., zeyfmai a. a. l63 ochen nestandartnie zadachi po ximii /pod red. v. v. eryo- mina. - m.: mtsnmo, 2015. - 192 s. isbn 978-5-4439-0337-8 sbornik soderjit bolee 500 nestandartnix zadach po neorganicheskoy, organicheskoy i fizicheskoy ximii. zadachi razdeleni na neskolko urov ney slojnosti, ko vsem zadacham dani otveti i/ili ukazaniya. sbornik prednaznachen v pervuyu ochered dlya podgotovki k olimpiadam i dlya do polnitelnix zanyatiy po ximii v shkole: elektivnix kursov, shkolnix krujkov. odnako on budet interesen ne tolko shkolnikam i uchitelyam, no i studentam, prepodavatelyam, nauchnim rabotnikam - vsem, kto svyazan s ximiey i interesuetsya krasivimi i neobichnimi ximicheskimi struk turami i prevrasheniyami. isbn 978-5-4439-0337-8 bbk 24.1 © zeyfman a.a., 2015 © mtsnmo, 2015 oglavlenie ot redaktora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …

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1). fizicheskaya ximiya i raschyotnie zadachi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 zadachi (173). otveti i ukazaniya (177). resheniya izbrannix zadach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 ot redaktora pered vami -sovershenno unikalnaya kniga. na perviy vzglyad eto obichniy sbornik zadach, v kotorom k tomu je net ni prime rov, ni podrobnix resheniy, a est lish usloviya i kratkie otveti. no kak tolko vi nachnyote reshat eti zadachi, vi poymyote, chto vsyo ochen neobichno i vi popali v mir visokogo ximicheskogo intellekta, sozdanniy avtorami. pri reshenii zadach vi isprraete mnojestvo silnix emotsiy -bessilie i otchayanie v pervie momenti, ostroe jelanie zaglyanut v otvet i uznat, chto je takoe avtori zadumali, za tem -visokoe …

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luchae, -inache vi lishite sebya bolshogo udovolstviya ot samo stoyatelnogo resheniya. ot redaktora 5 2. ne staraytes reshat mnogo zadach srazu- tryox-chetiryox v den bolee chem dostatochno, inache «vinos mozga» garantirovan, tak kak zadachi intellektualno ochen nasishenni. z. ne zatsiklivaytes na nereshyonnix zadachax, ix v lyubom sluchae budet dovolno mnogo. ne poluchaetsya odna zadacha -perexodite k drugoy, iz drugoy temi, drugogo urovnya. net glubokogo smisla reshat zadachi podryad. 4. ne stesnyaytes i ne rasstraivaytes, esli nekotorie zadachi ne reshayutsya. ved oni mogug bit osnovani na faktax ili ideyax, kotorix vi poka eshyo ne znaete. esli sovsem ne polucha etsya i zashli v polniy tupik -pishite avtoru ili redaktoru (vadim@educ.chem.msu.ru), mi postaraemsya pomoch. 5. esli udalos reshit zadachu-zapishite reshenie i soxranite ego, inache cherez kakoe-to vremya zabudete i pridyotsya reshat po-novoy. jelayu vam uvlekatelnoy i plodotvornoy raboti. v zaklyuchenie xochu poblagodarit alekseya zeyfmana za vozmoj nost porabotat s takim interesnim tekstom. …

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n bistro ponyal, chto pochti vo vsex sluchayax reshenie neformalizuemo i ne mojet bit izlojeno shag za shagom. v kajdoy zadache (daje v zadachax pervogo urovnya) est izyuminka (a v nekotorix-daje ne odna), ne ponyav kotoruyu reshenie ne nayti. odnako esli vi ponyali sut zadachi, zaglya divat v otveti skoree vsego ne pridyotsya -reshenie samo slojitsya v tselnuyu kartinu, kak pazzl, i vi poymyote, chto ono pravilnoe. bolshinstvo zadach v etom sbornike -tak nazivaemie «uraday ki». nesmotrya na obilie kolichestvennix dannix v nekotorix za dachax, ne nujno reshat ix prost1m pereborom. privedu primer - odnu iz zadach (neorganicheskaya ximiya, uroven 3, zadacha 20) mi re shali naperegonki s kollegoy, on napisal spetsialnuyu programmu dlya avtomaticheskogo perebora variantov, a ya iskal reshenie iz ob sheximicheskix soobrajeniy. v rezultate ya nashyol otvet dostatochno bistro, a v ego programmu '{na napisanie kotoroy prishlos potra tit nemalo vremeni) zakralas oshibka, kotoraya ne pozvolila nayti …

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gotovke knigi k pechati. prochitayte pered resheniem! esli v usloviyax zadachi ne skazano inoe: atomnie massi vsex elementov okruglyayte do tselix chisel, atom nuyu massu xlora schitayte ravnoy 35,5 2; schitayte, chto vse reaktsii protekayut kolichestvenno, vse osadki vipadayut polnostyu i ne soderjat ostatkov rastvoritelya; ob'yomi vsex gazov dani pri normalnix usloviyax (1 atm, o0s); soderjanie elementov dano v massovix protsentax. 2 konechno, soglasno pravilam okrugleniya, esli massovaya dolya v uslovii ukazana s chetirmya znachashimi tsiframi, to atomnie massi neobxodimo toje ispolzovat s chetirmya znachashimi tsiframi; tem ne menee, zto neudobno, tak kak tselie atomnie massi pomnyat pochti vse, a dva znaka posle zapyatoy mojno posmotret tolko v tablitse mendeleeva; mojno bilo bi okruglit massovie doli v uslovii do dvux znachashix tsifr, no zto bi sushestvenno uslojnilo reshenie zadachi. neorganicheskaya ximiya, uroven 1 zadachi 1 . dve kisloti, reagiruya mejdu soboy, obrazuyut tolko gaz s m = = 44 g …

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udk 54 bbk 24.1 l63 lisitsin a. 3., zeyfmai a. a. l63 ochen nestandartnie zadachi po ximii /pod red. v. v. eryo- mina. - m.: mtsnmo, 2015. - 192 s. isbn 978-5-4439-0337-8 sbornik soderjit bolee 500 nestandartnix zadach po neorganicheskoy, organicheskoy i fizicheskoy ximii. zadachi razdeleni na neskolko urov ney slojnosti, ko vsem zadacham dani otveti i/ili ukazaniya. sbornik prednaznachen v pervuyu ochered dlya podgotovki k olimpiadam i dlya do polnitelnix zanyatiy po ximii v shkole: elektivnix kursov, shkolnix krujkov. odnako on budet interesen ne tolko shkolnikam i uchitelyam, no i studentam, prepodavatelyam, nauchnim rabotnikam - vsem, kto svyazan s ximiey i interesuetsya krasivimi i neobichnimi ximicheskimi struk turami i prevrasheniyami. isbn 978-5-4439-0337-8 bbk 24.1 © zeyfman a....

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