learnenglish-reading-c1-four-book-summaries

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s. this book is not concerned with the underlying reasons for poverty or progress, © 2019 british council www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish or what should be done about these issues. it focuses on our instinctive biases, offering practical advice to help us see the good as well as the bad in the world. enlightenment now – steven pinker are things getting worse every day? is progress an impossible goal? in enlightenment now, steven pinker looks at the big picture of human progress and finds good news. we are living longer, healthier, freer and happier lives. pinker asks us to stop paying so much attention to negative headlines and news that declares the end of the world. instead, he shows us some carefully selected data. in 75 surprising graphs, we see that safety, peace, knowledge and health are getting better all over the world. when the evidence does not support his argument, however, he …

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lain how things are getting better; he gives us reasons why as well. he shows us how human culture evolves in a positive direction thanks to the exchange of ideas and specialisation. this bold book looks at the entirety of human history – from the stone age to the 21st century – and changes the notion that it’s all going downhill. the glass really is half-full. the great surge – steven radelet the majority of people believe that developing countries are in a terrible situation: suffering from incredible poverty, governed by dictators and with little hope for any meaningful change. but, surprisingly, this is far from the truth. the reality is that a great transformation is occurring. over the past 20 years, more than 700 million people have increased their income and come out of poverty. additionally, six million fewer children die every year from disease, millions more girls are …

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rational optimist d. the great surge 5. which book explains that we tend to mentally divide humans into two clear groups? a. factfulness b. enlightenment now c. the rational optimist d. the great surge 6. which book claims that trade has helped make life better around the world? a. factfulness b. enlightenment now c. the rational optimist d. the great surge 7. which book makes the claim that unfair distribution of wealth does not affect happiness as much as people think? a. factfulness b. enlightenment now c. the rational optimist d. the great surge 8. which book focuses primarily on developing countries? a. factfulness b. enlightenment now c. the rational optimist d. the great surge © 2019 british council www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish task 2 complete the sentences with words from the box. consume make adopt progress lead public access irreparable 1. innovation is one of the most important factors in human ……………………………… …

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– hans rosling with ola rosling and anna rosling rönnlund enlightenment now – steven pinker the rational optimist – matt ridley the great surge – steven radelet tasks task 1 task 2 discussion answers preparation task task 1 task 2

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© 2019 british council www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish reading: c1 four book summaries read a series of book summaries to practise and improve your reading skills. before reading do the preparation task first. then read the text and do the exercises. preparation task match the definitions (a–h) with the vocabulary (1–8). vocabulary definitions 1. …… tribalism 2. …… a mindset 3. …… a lifespan 4. …… a demagogue 5. …… to dismiss 6. …… to distort 7. …… to occur 8. …… fatalism a. to change something (like information) so that it is not true or accurate any more b. a way of thinking about things c. the behaviour and attitudes that come from strong loyalty to your own social group d. a …

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