vvedenie v splanxnologiyu

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Yangilangan Dek 2025

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andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti davolash , pediatriya va tibbiy pedagogika fakultetlarining talabalari uchun odam anatomiyasi fanidan ma'ruza. tuzuvchilar : t.f.d. a.i.xatamov dots. i.i.sattiboev vvedenie v splanxnologiyu. razvitie organov pishevareniya. obshie printsipi stroeniya organov pishevareniya. funktsionalnaya anatomiya organov polosti rta. glotka. pishevod. jeludok, tonkaya i tolstaya kishka. vozrastnie osobennosti. sostaviteli: doktor meditsinskix nauk, zaveduyushiy kafedri anatomii cheloveka i oxta xatamov a.i.. kandidat meditsinskix nauk, dotsent sattibaev i.i. starshiy prepodavatel salieva m.yu. retsenzenti: professor kafedri anatomii cheloveka i oxta kasimxodjaev i.k. professor kafedri travmatologii i ortopedii xudoyberdiev k.t. tema vvedenie v splanxnologiyu. razvitie organov pishevareniya. obshie printsipi stroeniya organov pishevareniya. funktsionalnaya anatomiya organov polosti rta. glotka. pishevod. jeludok, tonkaya i tolstaya kishka. kolichestvo studentov 50 -75 chelovek vremya 2 chasa. formi uchebnoy zanyatiy lektsiya plan lektsii 1. vvedenie v izuchenie organov pishevareniya 2. printsipi filogeneticheskix preobrazovaniy organov pishevareniya 3. razvitie organov pishevareniya 4. obshie printsipi stroeniya stenok kishechnoy trubki 5. klassifikatsiya jelez …

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a *stroenie jelez pishevaritelgogo trakta *stroenie i funktsii yazika i zuba *stroenie i funktsii pishevoda *stroenie i funktsii jeludka *stroenie i funktsii kishechnika *vozrastnie osobennosti organov pishevareniya pedagogcheskie zadachi : *izuchit razvitie organov pishevareniya *izuchit jelez pishevaritelnogo trakta *izuchit stroeniya yazika i zuba *izuchit stroenie glotki *izuchit stroenie pishevoda:anatomicheskie i fiziologicheskie sujenie *izuchit stroenie jeludka *izuchit stroenie kishechnika *vozrastnie osobennosti organov pishevareniya studenti doljni znat: *razvitie organov pishevareniya *stroenie jelez pishevaritelgogo trakta *stroenie i funktsii yazika i zuba *stroenie i funktsii pishevoda *stroenie i funktsii jeludka *stroenie i funktsii kishechnika *vozrastnie osobennosti organov pishevareniya vidi obrazovaniya metodi lektsii: informatsionnaya lektsiya, beseda, otsenichnaya peregovori, vmeste obuchaemsya, vnimanie lektsiya nachalas i dr. sredstva obrazovaniya tekst lektsii, uchebnik, metodicheskie posobiya, anatomicheskaya terminologiya, tablitsi, mokrie preparati, elektronnie risunki. formi obrazovaniya kollektivnaya usloviya prepodavaniya auditorii i lektsionniy zal monitoring i otsenivanie nablyudeniya, voprosi-otveti, rezultati prezentatsii. lektsiya prednaznachena dlya studentov 1 kursa 2 semestra lechebnogo, mediko-pedagogicheskogo …

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ljaya dalee izuchenie chelovecheskogo tela, pereydem k razdelu anatomii, izuchayushemu vnutrennie organi-splanxnologii. vnutrennosti po-grecheski nazivayutsya splanchna. sinonimom yavlyayutsya latinskie termini—viscera, viscus. u mlekopitayushix i cheloveka vse vnutrennosti chetko differentsirovani i razdeleni na spetsializirovannie organi pishevareniya, dixaniya i mochepolovoy sistemi. organi, kotorie funktsioniruyut tolko kak pishevaritelnie, tolko kak organi dixaniya i tolko kak mochepolovie, imeyutsya lish u visokoorganizovannix jivotnix. esli mi vozmem kornenojku, odnokletochniy organizm, to u etogo prosteyshego odna i ta je kletka vipolnyaet i funktsiyu pishevareniya, i funktsiyu dixaniya, i osushestvlyaet videlitelnie protsessi. takim obrazom, visshie jivie organizmi yavlyayutsya slojno ustroennimi, obladayut ryadom spetsializirovannix organov. forma i funktsii anatomicheskix obrazovaniy ne sluchayni, a slojilis v rezultate biologicheskoy istorii obuslovlennogo kontakta organizma s vneshney i vnutrenney sredoy. sootvetstvuyushaya informatsiya o ego deyatelnosti postupaet s obshirnogo retseptornogo polya, predstavlennogo ne tolko chuvstvitelnimi nervnimi okonchaniyami, no i, kak viyasnilos v poslednee vremya, strukturami kletok, natselennix na raspoznavanie gormonov, ximicheskix pishevix veshestv, belkov …

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hno-kishechnomu traktu pishevix, a zatem kalovix» mass imeyut mesto razlichnie ximicheskie i fizicheskie prevrasheniya poslednix. komponenti pishi obrabativayutsya, chastichno usvaivayutsya, a chastichno videlyayutsya. idushaya vdol tulovisha zarodisha vnachale trubka—kishechnaya—postepenno uslojnyaetsya: v verxnem otdele tulovisha za schet razvitiya organov dixaniya, a v nijnem — organov mochevoy sistemi. pomimo etogo uslojneniya sama kishechnaya trubka takje postepenno delitsya na perednyuyu, srednyuyu i zadnyuyu kishku. pervaya daet nachalo glotke, jeludku i chasti dvenadtsatiperstnoy kishki, vtoraya — ostalnomu otrezku dvenadtsatiperstnoy kishki, toshey i podvzdoshnoy, slepoy, vosxodyashey obodochnoy i chasti poperechnoy obodochnoy kishki. iz zadney kishki razvivayutsya chasti poperechnoy obodochnoy, nisxodyashaya, sigmovidnaya i pryamaya kishka. zarodish snaruji pokrit ektodermoy, vnutri zalegaet kishechnaya trubka, ni v golovnom, ni v xvostovom kontsax ne dostigayushaya vnachale ektodermi. sledovatelno, ona zamknuta. postepenno, na 4-y nedele zarodishevoy jizni, eta pervichnaya kishka podrastaet k spetsialnim uglubleniyam v ektoderme, takovimi yavlyayutsya vverxu — glotochnaya buxta, a vnizu — analnaya buxta (ot slova anus …

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akim apparatom dlya kishechnika yavlyayutsya brijeyki. na pervix etapax embrionalnoy jizni takix brijeek u kishechnika dve perednyaya i zadnyaya. oni perexodyat na stenkax kishki odna v druguyu i plotno s neyu srasheni, takim obrazom, narujnoy obolochkoy kishechnika yavlyaetsya seroznaya. so vremenem v protsesse embriogeneza perednyaya brijeyka redutsiruetsya i proizvodnie pervichnoy kishki okazivayutsya fiksirovannimi lish odnoy brijeykoy — zadney. okonchatelnaya differentsirovka organov ne zavershaetsya i k momentu rojdeniya. lish k periodu polovogo sozrevaniya organi prinimayut to polojenie, kotoroe oni imeyut u vzroslix. razvitie organov pishevareniya pri opisanii obshego protsessa razvitiya vnutrennix organov bilo pokazano obrazovanie pervichnoy kishki i razdelenie ee na tri otdela: perednyuyu, srednyuyu i zadnyuyu kishku, a takje opisano obrazovanie rotovogo i zadneproxodnogo otverstiy. naryadu s bistrim rostom neyrokranialnoy chasti golovi embriona v nachalnom otdele peredney kishki — golovnoy kishke — bistro razvivaetsya jaberniy apparat, kotoriy yavlyaetsya osnovoy dlya formirovaniya litsevoy chasti golovi. jaberniy apparat sostoit iz 5 par …

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andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti davolash , pediatriya va tibbiy pedagogika fakultetlarining talabalari uchun odam anatomiyasi fanidan ma'ruza. tuzuvchilar : t.f.d. a.i.xatamov dots. i.i.sattiboev vvedenie v splanxnologiyu. razvitie organov pishevareniya. obshie printsipi stroeniya organov pishevareniya. funktsionalnaya anatomiya organov polosti rta. glotka. pishevod. jeludok, tonkaya i tolstaya kishka. vozrastnie osobennosti. sostaviteli: doktor meditsinskix nauk, zaveduyushiy kafedri anatomii cheloveka i oxta xatamov a.i.. kandidat meditsinskix nauk, dotsent sattibaev i.i. starshiy prepodavatel salieva m.yu. retsenzenti: professor kafedri anatomii cheloveka i oxta kasimxodjaev i.k. professor kafedri travmatologii i ortopedii xudoyberdiev k.t. tema vvedenie v splanxnologiyu. razvitie org...

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