modal verbs

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can 20.49-group ________________ ________________ modal verbs needn’t must – have to / have got to can – could may – might will – would shall – should – ought to they take no “-s” in the third person singular (except for have to and need). eg. she can swim. but: he needs to read the article. we do not use do/does with modal verbs to form negatives, questions or short answers. they come before the subject in questions and are followed by 'not' in negations. (except for ought to). modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to. eg. sorry, i can't come. madal verbs be + v3 will can may must should ought to have to the machine can be used for cutting bread. these words don’t have to be learnt by heart. people in hospitals ought to be visited. difficult rules must be explained. modal verbs + passive …
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asking for permission: *may i… and could i… are equally polite. could* – более вежливо и официальнее might – более официально can i borrow your pen? could i borrow your car? may i use your phone? might i see your driving licence, please? can (informal) / could (more formal and polite) eg. ~ can / could i interrupt you for a second? may (formal) / might (very formal) eg. ~ may / might i speak to the bank manager, please? can (informal; giving permission) note: could is not used in the present to give permission may (formal; giving permission - also used in written notices or formal announcements) mustn't / can't (informal - refusing permission) may not (formal - refusing permission) asking for permission: giving or refusing permission: can / be allowed to (to talk about the future or present) could (to talk about the past - used for repeated …
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modal verbs - Page 5

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can 20.49-group ________________ ________________ modal verbs needn’t must – have to / have got to can – could may – might will – would shall – should – ought to they take no “-s” in the third person singular (except for have to and need). eg. she can swim. but: he needs to read the article. we do not use do/does with modal verbs to form negatives, questions or short answers. they come before the subject in questions and are followed by 'not' in negations. (except for ought to). modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to. eg. sorry, i can't come. madal verbs be + v3 will can may must should ought to have to the machine can …

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