alkanlar

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Updated Dec 2025

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alkinlar ( atsetilen uglevodorodlar) alkanlar 12 image1.emf image2.emf image3.emf image4.emf image5.emf image6.emf image7.emf image8.emf image9.emf image10.emf image11.emf image12.emf image13.emf image14.emf image15.emf image16.emf image17.emf image18.emf image19.emf image20.emf image21.emf image22.emf image23.emf olish usullari. fisher-tropish usuli. so 2 + h 2 4 400 0 c ni ch 4 + h 2 o 2 1. 2. co n + 2 n + 1 h 2 300 0 c c 0 c n h 2n +2 + h 2 o n 3. ko'mirni katalitik gidrogenlash: s + n n + 1 h 2 470 , 250 àòì fe c n h 2 n +2 460 - 4. galogenalkanlarni qaytarish: ch 3 ch 2 br + zn ch 3 cooh hbr ¸êè sh 3 ch 3 + znbr 2 2 2 5. grinyar reaktsiyasi orqali: grinyar reagentini suv bilan parchalash bilan alkanlar olinadi: rx + mg ýôèð rmgx h 2 o + rh + mgx(oh) 6. …

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yoviy xossalari . galogenlash: metanni xlorlash. ch 4 + cl 2  h ch 3 cl + hcl ch 3 cl + cl 2  h ch 2 cl 2 + hcl ch 2 cl 2 + cl 2  h + + hcl chcl 3 chcl 3 cl 2  h ccl 4 + + hcl xlorlash reaktsiyasining mexanizmi: 1 . cl 2 2 cl h  2 . ch 4 + cl ch 3 + hcl 3 . ch 3 + cl 2 ch 3 cl + cl 4 . a)cl + cl cl cl 2 b)sh 3 + cl ch 3 cl v)sh 3 + ch 3 ch 3 ch 3 yoki (zanjir uzilishi ) 450 0 s alkanlarda s-n bog'ning aktivligi, shu jumladan xlorlashda ham temperaturag a bog'liq bo'ladi. propanni 450 0 s da xlorlansa quyidagi nisbatdagi izomerlar hosil bo'ladi: 450 0 s ch 3 ch …

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40-150˚s da kavsharlangan ampulada olib borilgan: rh hno 3 140-150 c 0 rno 2 + h 2 o gaz fazasida nitrolash 1930 yilda x .gess tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan. ch 3 ch 2 ch 3 hno 3 420 0 c ch 3 no 2 + ch 3 ch 2 no 2 + ch 3 ch 2 ch 2 no 2 + ch 3 chch 3 no 2 9% 26% 32% 33% mexanizmi: hno 3 o 2 no + no 2 + h 2 o rh + ono 2 r + hono 2 r + no 2 rno 2 2 t 0 2. nitritlarni alkillash nitroalkanlar agno 2 ni galogenalkanlar bilan alkillab olinadi. ( v.meyer, 1872 y.) rbr + agno 2 2 2 rno 2 + rono + agbr2 reaktsiya natijasida nitroalkan va alkilnitritlar aralashmasi hosil bo'ladi. nitroalkanlar nano 2 va kno 2 larni alkillab ham olinadi. bu reaktsiyalar erituvchilar ishtirokida olib …

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gomologlari sintez qilinadi . ch 4 hf sbf 5 ch 4 + e - ch 4 ch 3 + + h hch 3 + ch 3 ch 3 ch 3 h + + + + o'rtacha massaga ega bo'lgan alkanlardan kuchli l'yu is kislotalari ta'sirida karbokationlar hosil bo'ladi , natijada izomerizatsiya va oligomerizatsiya jarayonlari boradi hcl alcl 3 + h + alcl 4 _ ch 3 ch 2 ch h ch 3 h + + ch 3 ch 2 ch ch 3 h 2 + + ch 3 c ch 3 ch 3 + c 4 h 9 h ch 3 ch 2 c h ch 3 + ch 3 c h ch 3 ch 3 + ch 3 c ch 3 ch 3 c 4 h 9 izomerizatsiya oligomerizatsiya mahsuloti mahsuloti /docprops/thumbnail.jpeg

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About "alkanlar"

alkinlar ( atsetilen uglevodorodlar) alkanlar 12 image1.emf image2.emf image3.emf image4.emf image5.emf image6.emf image7.emf image8.emf image9.emf image10.emf image11.emf image12.emf image13.emf image14.emf image15.emf image16.emf image17.emf image18.emf image19.emf image20.emf image21.emf image22.emf image23.emf olish usullari. fisher-tropish usuli. so 2 + h 2 4 400 0 c ni ch 4 + h 2 o 2 1. 2. co n + 2 n + 1 h 2 300 0 c c 0 c n h 2n +2 + h 2 o n 3. ko'mirni katalitik gidrogenlash: s + n n + 1 h 2 470 , 250 àòì fe c n h 2 n +2 460 - 4. galogenalkanlarni qaytarish: ch 3 ch 2 br + zn ch 3 cooh hbr ¸êè sh 3 ch 3 …

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