ingliz frazeologiyasini o‘rganish yo‘llari
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![footnoteref:1]. balli barqaror iboralarning tilning stilistik va ifodaviy tabiatini shakllantirishdagi rolini ta’kidlagan. uning g‘oyalari keyingi frazeologik tadqiqotlar, ayniqsa rus tilshunoslik an’analarining rivojlanishi uchun asos yaratgan. [1: bally, charles. traité de stylistique française. hachette, 1909.-b.102.] frazeologiya bo‘yicha eng mashhur olimlardan biri vladimir vinogradov bo‘lib, u rus tilidagi frazeologik birliklarning tizimli tasnifini ishlab chiqdi va “frazeologik barqarorlik” tushunchasini kiritdi[footnoteref:2]. uning ishlari ingliz frazeologiyasining tadqiqotlariga ham katta ta’sir ko‘rsatgan. vinogradov frazeologik birliklarni uch asosiy turga ajratgan: [2: vinogradov, v. v. the main types of phraseological units in the russian language. -m.: nauka, 1947.-b.64.] uning tasnifi frazeologiya bo‘yicha sharq va g‘arb tilshunoslari tadqiqotlarida muhim asos bo‘lib xizmat qilmoqda. frazeologiya tadqiqotiga katta hissa qo‘shgan yana bir olim a.v. kunin bo‘lib, u frazeologiyani madaniy va kognitiv jihatdan o‘rganishga e’tibor qaratdi. kunin frazeologik birliklarni semantik yaxlitlik, barqarorlik va idiomatiklik bilan ajralib turuvchi tilning alohida tizimi deb hisoblagan[footnoteref:3]. u “frazeologik tizim” tushunchasini joriy qilgan va til leksikonidagi idiomalar, …](https://cdn.faylhub.uz/previews/pages/p3_209088.webp "ingliz frazeologiyasini o‘rganish yo‘llari - Page 3")
![prinsipi” tushunchasini joriy qildi. u tilning ko‘p qismi oldindan shakllangan frazeologik andozalarga asoslanganini ta’kidlagan. sinklerga ko‘ra, ona tilida so‘zlashuvchilar nutqni so‘zma-so‘z emas, balki butun frazeologik strukturalar asosida tuzishadi[footnoteref:5]. [5: sinclair, john. corpus, concordance, collocation. oxford up, 1991.-b.20.] ingliz tilidagi frazeologik birliklar turli xil barqaror iboralardan iborat bo‘lib, har biri til va muloqotda o‘ziga xos funksiyaga ega. tilshunoslar frazeologik birliklarni ularning idiomatiklik darajasi va tuzilishiga qarab quyidagi turlarga ajratishadi: · idiomalar – tarkibiy so‘zlarning ma’nosidan kelib chiqmaydigan barqaror iboralar (“break the ice” – “suhbatni boshlash”). · kollokatsiyalar – bir-biriga bog‘liq holda tez-tez uchraydigan so‘z birikmalari (“make a decision”, lekin “do a decision” noto‘g‘ri hisoblanadi). · maqollar va hikmatli so‘zlar – hayotiy tajribani aks ettiruvchi iboralar (“actions speak louder than words” – “amallar so‘zlardan kuchliroq”). · frazal fe’llar – fe’l va yuklamalar kombinatsiyasi (“give up” – “taslim bo‘lish”). · klishelar va barqaror iboralar – oldindan ma’lum vaziyatlarda ishlatiladigan iboralar (“last but not …](https://cdn.faylhub.uz/previews/pages/p4_209088.webp "ingliz frazeologiyasini o‘rganish yo‘llari - Page 4")
![e black sheep of the family), boshqalari esa faqat muayyan madaniyatga xos ekanligini ko‘rsatgan (to carry coal to newcastle)[footnoteref:8]. [8: dobrovol’skij, dmitrij, and elisabeth piirainen. figurative language: cross-cultural and cross-linguistic perspectives. elsevier, 2005.-b.54.] frazeologiyani yaxshi o‘zlashtirish ingliz tilida ravon gapirish uchun zarur, ammo u ko‘pincha til o‘rganuvchilar uchun eng qiyin sohalardan biri hisoblanadi. pawley va syder tadqiqotlarida “native-like selection problem” tushunchasini ilgari surgan bo‘lib, bunda o‘rganayotganlar so‘z boyligi keng bo‘lsa ham, tabiiy frazeologik tuzilmalardan foydalanishda qiynalishlarini ko‘rsatgan[footnoteref:9]. boers va lindstromberg metaforik asoslarni tushunish va vizual yondashuvlar frazeologik birliklarni oson o‘zlashtirishga yordam berishini ta’kidlagan[footnoteref:10]. [9: pawley, andrew, and frances syder. “two puzzles for linguistic theory: nativelike selection and nativelike fluency.” language and communication, vol. 3, no. 2, 1983. -b.226.] [10: boers, frank, and seth lindstromberg. optimizing a lexical approach to instructed second language acquisition. palgrave macmillan, 2009.-b.123. ] frazeologiya bo‘yicha tadqiqotlar tarixiy tasniflardan tortib, zamonaviy kognitiv va korpus asosidagi yondashuvlargacha rivojlandi. …](https://cdn.faylhub.uz/previews/pages/p5_209088.webp "ingliz frazeologiyasini o‘rganish yo‘llari - Page 5")
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o‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi buxoro davlat universiteti xorijiy tillar fakulteti ingliz tilshunosligi kafedrasi 11-10ing 22-guruh talabasi ulug‘bekova durdonaning “ingliz frazeologiyasini o‘rganish yo‘llari” mavzusidagi kurs ishi 60230100-filologiya va tillarni o‘qitish (ingliz tili) ilmiy rahbar: xayrullayeva g.f. buxoro- 2025 2 mundarija: 1. ingliz frazeologiyasi haqida umumiy tushuncha 3 2.xorijiy til ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishda frazeologiyaning ahamiyati 8 3.turli darajadagi sinflarda frazeologiyani o‘rgatish metodologiyasi 13 4.frazeologiyani o‘rganish jarayonidagi umumiy qiyinchiliklar 17 5.dars jarayonida o‘qituvchi nutqida frazeologik birliklar ishlatishning ahamiyati va samarasi 22 xulosa 28 foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro‘yxati 30 1.ingli...
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