some basic problems of dictionary compiling

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1557123166_74253.doc some basic problems of dictionary compiling plan: 1.the origin of the lexicography 2.the connection of lexicography with the problems of lexicology 3.synchronic and diyachronic approaches to the study of lexicography 4.different types of lexicography 5.other types of specialized dictionaries the origin of the lexicography lexicography is a science of dictionary-compiling. modern english lexicography appeared in the 15 th century. in this period english-latin dictionaries were in existence. the first dictionary of the english language was published in 1755 by samuel johnson, in which he gave the origin of words and examples from the works of the best writers. another major milestone is the new english dictionary of oxford english dictionary. it was written from 1888 up to 1928. it covers the vocabulary of english with a full historical evidence. it gives the full his-tory of words. it has 13 volumes and a supplement containing neologisms (new words). the first …

animals, and all branches of knowledge. they deal not with words, but with facts and concepts. there are two main types of dictionaries: general dictionaries and special dictionaries. general dictionaries are divided into explanatory dictionaries and parallel or translation dictionaries (bilingual and multilingual). the best known explanatory dictionaries are: «the shorter oxford dictionary* in two volumes, based on the ned, the cod (one volume). chamber's 20 th century dictionary (one volume), wnid, new comprehensive standard dictionary, the new random house dictionary, webster's collegiate dictionary etc. most of these dictionaries present the spelling, usage, pronounciation and meaning of words, grammatical information, origan of words, derivatives, phraseology, etymology, synonyms and antonyms. pronounciation is shown either by means of the international phonetic transcription or in british phonetic notation which is somewhat different in each of the larger reference books. ex. [o:] is given as oh, aw, 6, or, etc. translation dictionaries or parallel …

sh-russian dictionary by folomkina, weiser contains approximately 3.500 words. specialized dictionaries give us the information of one or two particular pecularities of words (ex. synonyms, collocabi-lity, frequency, etymology, pronounciation, phraseological units etc). the best known dictionary of synonyms is dictionary of english synonyms expressions by soule and webster's dictionary of synonyms. the best and most comprehensive collection of english phraseology is a. v. koonin's english phraseological dictionary (in two volumes). the oxford dictionary of english proverbs, collin's book of english idioms. there are other types of specialized dictionaries. dictionaries of collocations. a reum's dictionary of english style, dictionaries of word frequency (dictionary of frequency value of combinability of words. moscow 1976). the teacher's book of 30.000 words by e. s. thorndike and lorge. michail west. a general service list of english words. etymological dictionaries; ex. w. skeat's etymological dictionary of the english language. pronouncing dictionaries: english pronouncing dictionary by d. …

synchronic type usually presents the following data: accepted spelling, pronounciation, grammatical characteristics, the indication of the part of speech, definition of meanings, modern currency, illustrative examples, derivatives, phraseological units, etymology, synonyms, antonyms etc. the entry of translation dictionaries presents the meanings of words with the help of other languages. selection and the arrangement of meanings of words in different dictionaries are different. they depend on the aim of the compilers. diachronic dictionaries list more meanings than synchronic dictionaries of current english as they give not only the meanings in present-day use but also those which have already become archaic or gone out of use. ex. sod gives 8 meanings of the verb «arrive» while. cod lists only five. the meanings of words in dictionaries may bet defined by means of phrases, synonymous words and expressions. frequency dictionaries, spelling books, etymological, ideographic and other dictionaries may have illustrative examples.. ;the structure …

ialect has its own literature /r. berns/. one of the best known dialects of british english is the dialect of london - cockney. some peculiarities of this dialect can be seen in the first act of «pigmalion» by b. shaw, such as : interchange of /v/ and /w/ e.g. wery vell; interchange of /f/ and /0/ , /v/ and / /, e. g/ fing /thing/ and fa:ve / father/; interchange of /h/ and /-/ , e.g. «’eart» for «heart» and «hart» for «art; substituting the diphthong /ai/ by /ei/ e.g. «day» is pronounced /dai/; substituting /au/ by /a:/ , e.g. «house» is pronounced /ha:s/,«now« /na:/ ; substituting /ou/ by /o:/ e.g. «don’t» is pronounced /do:nt/ or substituting it by / / in unstressed positions, e.g. «window» is pronounced /wind /. another feature of cockney is rhyming slang: «hat» is «tit for tat», «wife» is «trouble and strife», «head» is «loaf …

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1557123166_74253.doc some basic problems of dictionary compiling plan: 1.the origin of the lexicography 2.the connection of lexicography with the problems of lexicology 3.synchronic and diyachronic approaches to the study of lexicography 4.different types of lexicography 5.other types of specialized dictionaries the origin of the lexicography lexicography is a science of dictionary-compiling. modern english lexicography appeared in the 15 th century. in this period english-latin dictionaries were in existence. the first dictionary of the english language was published in 1755 by samuel johnson, in which he gave the origin of words and examples from the works of the best writers. another major milestone is the new english dictionary of oxford english dictionary. it was written from 1888 up ...

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