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презентация powerpoint japan fiscal policy. reja 1. financial stimulation and investment encouragement 2. reforming the tax system and ensuring fair distribution of income 3. structural reforms and strengthening economic competitiveness. japan's economy has been implementing intensive fiscal measures since 2013 due to long-term deflation, slow growth, and structural problems. infrastructure investments: 2013 abenomics start: it has been noted that investments aimed at infrastructure projects from the state budget have formed around 40 – 50 trillion yen. (for example, transport networks, road and railway modernization.) 2018 updates: an additional 10 – 15 trillion yen has been allocated for modernization projects in the domestic regional infrastructure and energy sector, which has contributed 3 – 4% to the growth of the investment sector. 2020 covid-19 conditions: within the framework of emergency measures, it has been observed that around 100 – 120 trillion yen of the total fiscal package has been directed towards investments …

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ms are being implemented: consumption tax revision: reforms in 2014 and 2019: in 2014, japan increased its consumption tax from 5% to 8%, and in 2019, it was raised to 10%. these measures are aimed at increasing fiscal revenue and stabilizing the budget. these changes have led to an increase in annual tax revenue growth of approximately 1.5–2% and the formation of additional funds in the central budget. regulation of corporate and personal income taxes reforms that began in 2016 – 2020: within the framework of measures aimed at increasing efficiency through the optimization of corporate tax rates, effective tax incentives were introduced for large corporations. • the personal income tax was revised through a progressive system, with the aim of collecting additional funds from high-income groups and distributing a lighter tax burden to low and middle-income groups. statistics indicators: for example, in 2018 – 2020, as a result of …

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stment promotion domestic investment has increased 2016 32% → 29.7% approaching international standards large exporters benefited 2020 29.7% → 23.2% (yangi korxonalar uchun) support for startups and innovations the number of technology startups has increased 🔍 benefits: tax breaks (15–30%) have been introduced for companies in the field of new technologies, green energy and digital technologies. up to 10–20% of r&d (research and development) costs are exempt from tax. corporate tax and investment incentives year change impact 2013–2018 tax breaks for low-income groups (rebate or 0%) supporting domestic consumption 2021 tax breaks for families with children helps increase fertility 2022 special discounts for those with salaries below 6 million yen strengthening social equality 👨‍👩‍👧 social consequences: low-income groups have maintained consumption. tax revenues have been directed to education, healthcare, and pension systems. taxes and incentives for individuals year tax revenue growth (%) public debt (%) 2014 +6.5% 230% (relative to …

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tions for young people: in 2021–2023: the tax breaks aimed at young families, subsidies on housing loans, and social guarantees are aimed at increasing the birth rate. for example, as a result of the programs implemented in 2022, the birth rate increased from the previous 7.5 to 8.0 (an estimated growth rate of 6–7%). direction year key indicators and results labor market reforms 2015–2021 female participation: 60% → 68–70%; productivity: +3–4% innovation and r&d 2018–2022 r&d spending: 3.4% → 3.8–4.0%; number of startups: +15–20% digital transformation 2021 20,000+ smes digitized; investments: +15–18% demographic measures 2021–2023 birth rate: 7.5 → 8.0 (6–7% increase) increasing competitiveness and structural development 🧮 general expected results : economic growth and competitiveness: structural reforms are expected to boost economic growth by 1–2% per year, increase labor market efficiency, and enhance innovation opportunities. labor market diversification: by encouraging increased immigration and youth participation, the labor base will …

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презентация powerpoint japan fiscal policy. reja 1. financial stimulation and investment encouragement 2. reforming the tax system and ensuring fair distribution of income 3. structural reforms and strengthening economic competitiveness. japan's economy has been implementing intensive fiscal measures since 2013 due to long-term deflation, slow growth, and structural problems. infrastructure investments: 2013 abenomics start: it has been noted that investments aimed at infrastructure projects from the state budget have formed around 40 – 50 trillion yen. (for example, transport networks, road and railway modernization.) 2018 updates: an additional 10 – 15 trillion yen has been allocated for modernization projects in the domestic regional infrastructure and energy sector, which has contribut...

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