polysemy and homonymy as linguisticphenomenalecture 5

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polysemy and homonymy polysemy and homonymy as linguistic phenomena lecture 5 plan: 1. meaning and polysemy 2. the semantic structure of the word and the notion of the lexico-semantic variant 3. homonymy of words and word-forms 4. sources of homonymy. 5. classification of homonyms monosemantic words - words having only one meaning are comparatively few in number in english. terms (synonym, molecule, bronchites), some pronouns (this, my, both), numerals. most of the words in english are polysemantic, they possess more than one meaning. the more common the word is, the more meanings it has. polysemantic words should be studied synchronically and diachronically. polysemy in diachronic terms implies that a word may retain its previous meaning or meanings and at the same time acquire one or several new ones. synchronically we understand polysemy as coexistence of various meanings of the same word at the certain historical period of the development of …

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rectangular panel set below or above the face of a wall process to polysemy 1) radiation (radial); 2) concatenation (chain). 3) proliferation (mixture) face facade (of a building) clock face in the case of radiation primary meaning stands in the center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it like rays. each secondary meaning can be traced to the primary meaning. a) radiation power delegated authority moral or intellectual force mechanical energy physical strength ability to control anything b) concatenation is from latin catena “chain”, meaning “linking together”. it means that the meaning of the word moves gradually away from its original sense as a result of successive semantic changes till, in many cases, there is not a trace of connection between the sense that is finally developed and the primary sense. a a+b b +c … in case of concatenation secondary meaning of a word develop like a chain. …

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ey coincide due to the phonetic change in the course of their development). lead, v. and lead, n. tear, n. and tear (apart), v. full and partial homonyms there is the case of full and partial homonyms. it is connected with the concept of paradigms. full homonyms belong to the same part of the speech, they share a paradigm (coincide in all their forms). to blow (to send out a strong current of air) and to blow (to produce flowers) – blow, blows, blowing, blew, blown. “match” and “ball” are also the examples of full homonymy. they coincide in spelling, sounding and part of the speech. • homonyms similar in sound form and spelling are termed homonyms proper. e.g.: fast, adj. – быстрый / fast, n. – пост; •homophones are homonyms which are the same in sound but different in spelling and meaning: e.g.: buy, v - покупать / by, …

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ench borrowing. 3. word-building (conversion) – transfering from one part of the speech to another. comb, n. – to comb, v. 4. shortening. fan from fanatic and fan – ventilator rep – reputation or representative for modern linguists it is hard to distinguish between polysemy and homonymy. in case of concatenation the last meaning can drop out of the polysemantic structure of a word. image2.jpeg image1.jpeg /docprops/thumbnail.jpeg

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polysemy and homonymy polysemy and homonymy as linguistic phenomena lecture 5 plan: 1. meaning and polysemy 2. the semantic structure of the word and the notion of the lexico-semantic variant 3. homonymy of words and word-forms 4. sources of homonymy. 5. classification of homonyms monosemantic words - words having only one meaning are comparatively few in number in english. terms (synonym, molecule, bronchites), some pronouns (this, my, both), numerals. most of the words in english are polysemantic, they possess more than one meaning. the more common the word is, the more meanings it has. polysemantic words should be studied synchronically and diachronically. polysemy in diachronic terms implies that a word may retain its previous meaning or meanings and at the …

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