semasiologiya

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lecture 2 lecture 2 semasiology plan: 1. semasiology and its subject matter. 2. the definition of the term 'meaning of the word. 3. referential and functional approaches to the study of meaning. 4. types of meanings. 5. motivation and its different types. key word motivation, semantic structure of words, 'meaning of the word, semasiology, the grammatical meaning, lexical meaning, denotation meaning conotational meaning. semasiology is concerned with the meaning of words, studies the types of meaning, the change of meaning, the semantic structure of words, semantic groupings, synonyms, antonyms, homonyms etc. there is no generally accepted definition of the term “meaning of the word”. f. de. saussiare a well-known swiss linguist, says that the meaning is the relation between the object or notion named and the name itself. bloomfield a well-known american linguist, points out that the meaning is the situation in which the word is uttered. the situations prompt …

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meaning is not identical with the referent, there a rewords which do not denote a referent, ex. angel. besides one and the same referent may be denoted by different words. ex. synonyms. but the sound form of the word is not identical with its meaning. ex homonyms, ex.. spring-бaҳор, spring булоқ. besides a change in the sound-form do not affect its meaning. ex. in o. e. lufian -mod.e love. the referential approach our concept is abstract aim is connected with the referent but they are not identical. the meanings of words are different in different languages. ex. the concept of «a building for human habitation» is expressed in english by the words “house”, in russian by “дом”, in uzbek by “ уй”. but the english word «house» does not possess the meaning of «fixed residence of family» (оила яшайдиган жой; место где семьи обитает) which is one of the meanings …

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case, number etc. ex. the words «asked», «thought», «talked», «took, ran» have the grammatical meaning of tense. the grammatical meaning unites words into big groups such as parts of speech. the lexical meaning is the material meaning of a word. this is a meaning which gives the concept of a word. by the lexical meaning the word expresses the basic properties of the thing the word denotes. types of lexical meaning the lexical meaning of a word falls into two: i) the denotational meaning, 2) the соanotation meaning. denotational meaning makes communication possible because words denote things, concepts, they name them. ex. the denotational meaning of the word «table» is pieces of furniture consisting of a flat top with four supports (called legs). the connotational meaning is a meaning which has a stylistic shade. it serves to express all sorts of emotions, expressiveness. connotation may the shortly defined as emotional …

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notorious» differ in their emotional colouring and evaluation. connotation meaning consists of such constituents as: emotion, evaluation and intensity (intensifying connotation). the word takes the emotional connotation in contexts corresponding to emotional situations. the denotational meaning is associated with emotions (ex. he besought a favour of the judge: here the words «beseech» means «to ask eagerly and also anxiously»). evaluative connotation denotes approval or disapproval relations to the thing or phenomena, ex. colt—a young male horse used for a young unexperienced person; pup—a young dog used for a person. these words have negative evaluation. but in english we have words which have positive evaluation (ex. bunny—кролик (қуёнча), bunting—лапочка (жоигниам). intensifying connotation is the reinforcement of the sign: it indicates the special importance of the thing expressed. ex. awfully glad, terribly important. the connotational meaning may be expressed also either in the emotive charge or in stylistic reference. ex. «aunt» and …

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ote-book». the morpheme «note» serves to distinguish the word from other words: exercise-book, copy-book or: bookshelf, bookcase. the functional meaning may be seen in derivational morphemes. if we see the words with the suffixes -ment, -er, -ity, -or we say that they are nouns. eg. establishment, plurality, teacher, translator, sailor. if -ful, -lets, -able, -al etc. are present in words we say adjectives. ex. helpful, handiest, guilt lea, readable, national, writable, operational, openable, proposal. the distributional meaning is found in all words having more than one morpheme. it is found in the arrangement and order of morphemes making up the word. ex. «teacher» but not erteach. «boyisness» but not nessboyish. lexico-semantic variants different types of the lexical meaning of one and the same word are considered its lexico-semantic variants. lexico-semantic variants in their correlations and interconnection form the semantic structure of the word. in the semantic structure of the word …

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lecture 2 lecture 2 semasiology plan: 1. semasiology and its subject matter. 2. the definition of the term 'meaning of the word. 3. referential and functional approaches to the study of meaning. 4. types of meanings. 5. motivation and its different types. key word motivation, semantic structure of words, 'meaning of the word, semasiology, the grammatical meaning, lexical meaning, denotation meaning conotational meaning. semasiology is concerned with the meaning of words, studies the types of meaning, the change of meaning, the semantic structure of words, semantic groupings, synonyms, antonyms, homonyms etc. there is no generally accepted definition of the term “meaning of the word”. f. de. saussiare a well-known swiss linguist, says that the meaning is the relation between the …

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